902 BOTANY. 
flower; 6, a capsule burst, and a seed hanging out by the funiculus; ¢, d, 
seeds. | 
Orper 220. Drtentace#, the Dillenia Family. Sepals five, persistent. 
Petals five, deciduous, in a single row. Stamens indefinite, hypogynous, 
either distinct or combined into bundles; filaments dilated at the base or 
apex; anthers adnate, introrse, with longitudinal dehiscence. Ovaries 
definite, more or less distinct, with a terminal style and simple stigma; 
ovules ascending. Fruit of two- to five-capsular, or baccate unilocular 
carpels, which are either distinct or coherent. Seeds irillate, several in 
each carpel, or only two, or one by abortion; testa (spermoderm) hard ; 
embryo straight, minute, at the base of fleshy albuinen. The plants of the 
order are trees, shrubs, or undershrubs, having alternate, exstipulate, 
coriaceous, or rough leaves. They are found chiefly in Australasia, Asia, 
and the warm parts of America. They have astringent properties, and 
some of the species afford excellent timber. Lindley enumerates 26 genera, 
including 200 species. Tribe 1. Ddlleniew. Anthers with linear cells. 
Australasian species. Example: Dillenia. Zribe 2. Delimew. Anthers 
with rounded cells. Species mostly American, some few Asiatic or African. 
Example: Delima. 
Orper 221. Rancncuiacrs, the Crowfoot Family. Sepals three to six, 
frequently five, deciduous. Petals five to fifteen, rarely abortive, sometimes 
anomalous in form, occasionally with scales at the base. Stamens usually 
indefinite, hypogynous; anthers adnate; carpels numerous, one-celled, 
distinct, or united into a single many-celled pistil; ovary containing one 
anatropal ovule, or several united to the inner edge. Fruit various, either 
dry achenia, or baccate, or follicular. Seeds albuminous, erect, or 
pendulous ; albumen horny; embryo minute. Herbaceous, suffruticose, or 
rarely shrubby plants, having alternate, or opposite, simple, much-divided 
leaves, with dilated sheathing petioles. Juice watery. Hairs, if present, 
simple. Zribe 1. Clematidee. Calyx colored, with valvate estivation. 
Petals none or shorter than the sepals. Acheenia one-seeded, with the styles 
much elongated and plumose, the seed pendent. Generally climbing shrubs 
with opposite leaves. Examples: *Clematis,*Atrogene. Zribe 2. Anemonew. 
Calyx often colored, with imbricate estivation. Petals none or plane. 
Acheenia one-seeded, with styles often much elongated and plumose, with 
pendent seeds. Herbs with leaves usually radical, the cauline alternate ; 
flowers often involucred. Examples: *Thalyctrum, *Hepatica, *Hydrastis, 
*Anemone. Tribe 3. Ranunculew. Calyx with imbricated estivation. 
Anthers extrorse. Petals with a small nectariferous scale or gland at the 
base inside. Seed erect, sometimes suspended. Herbs with the leaves 
radical or alternate; the flowers solitary, not involucred. Example: 
*Ranunculus. Tribe 4. Helleborew. Calyx with imbricated estivation. 
Petals none or irregular, often tubular or bilabiate. Carpels follicular, 
many-seeded. Herbs with the leaves radical, or with the caulinary 
alternate. Examples: *Caltha, *Trollius, Helleborus, *Delphinium, 
*Aconitum, *Aquilegia. TZribe 5. Paoniew. Calyx with imbricate esti- 
vation. Petals planeor none. Carpels fleshy or capsular, often one-seeded 
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