INTRODUCTION. 15 
difficulties. The chief characters used for this purpose are furnished by 
the bill and feet. 
Oxper 1. Patmipepes. 1.74, figs. 86, Anas ; 87, Sula ; 88, Pelecanus ; 
89, Procellaria ; 90, Podiceps. 
Orver 2. Gratz. Pl. 74, figs. 91, Phanicopterus ; 92, Lallus; 93, 
Scolopax ; 94, Ardea; 95, Grus ; 96, Otes ; 97, Struthio. 
Orpver 8. Gauutnacex. Pl. 74, jigs. 98, Gallus; 99, Crax; 100, 
Columba. 
Orver 4. Scansores. 1. 47, figs. 101, Psittacus ; 102, Preus. 
*¢ 5. Passeres. ‘a “ 103, Buceros; 104, Derops; 105, 
Sitta ; 106, Alauda; 107, Cypselus ; 108, Pica. 
Orper 6. Accrpirres. 1. 74, jigs. 109, Otus; 110, Vudltwr,; 111, 
Milvus. 
Class 4. Mammalia. 
The young are produced alive in this class, which differs from all others 
in nourishing the young with milk secreted by the mammary glands. 
The thorax and abdomen are separated by a diaphragm composed of 
muscles, which is used in respiration. Man, by his physical characters, stands 
at the head of this class ; although from his moral attributes some naturalists 
have denied him a place in the animal kingdom. 
Orpver 1. Creracea. Pl. 74, jig. 112, Balena. 
¢ 62. Romiyantia. a, Cervide ; jig. 113, Cervus. 
b, Bovide ; jig. 114, Bos. 
c, Camelide ; jig. 115, Camelus. 
“3. Pacuypermata. a, Solipeda; jig. 116, Howus. 
b, Suidee; fig. 117, Sus. 
c, Proboscidea; jig. 118, Hlephas. 
“4. Monorremata. Pg. 119, Ornithorhynchus. 
“ 5. Epentata. Fig. 120, Manis. Fig. 121, Bradypus. 
¢ 6. Ropentia. /72g. 122, Lepus. Fig. 123, Scourus. Fig. 124, 
Castor. Fig. 125, Mus. 
“4. Carnivora. Lg. 126, Didelphis (possum). Fig. 127, Phoca 
(seal). Lig. 128, DLustela (weasel). F%g. 129, Viverra 
(ferret). ig. 130, Felis (cat). Hig. 131, Hyena. Fig. 
132, Canis (dog). Hig. 183, Ursus (bear). 
“8. Insectivora. (2g. 134, Hrinaceus. 
“© 9. Curroprera. Lig. 135, Vespertilio (bat). Fig. 186, Pteropus. 
“ 10. Quaprumana. /2g.137, Lemur. Fig. 138, Hapale. Fig. 139, 
Simia. 
“ 11. Brtana. 72g. 140, Homo. 
The order and classification which we propose to adopt, will be found to 
differ somewhat from the system given above, which is essentially that of 
Cuvier. 
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