170 ZOOLOGY. 
Westwood, who follows Latreille pretty closely, adopts the following 
arrangement: , 
SECT. 1. TEREBRANTIA, Latr. Abdomen with a saw or borer for 
depositing the eggs. 
Sus-sect. 1. SecuRIFERA. Abdomen sessile, larve feeding upon eevee. 
matter, and having a well developed mouth. Sam. 1, Zi enthredinidee ; 
poor de. 
Sus-secr. 2. Purrvora. Abdomen pedunculated, having a borer, larva 
without feet, having mandibulate trophi slightly developed, and genoa 
parasitic in ae eae insects. 
Division 1. Spiculifera. Abdomen with an elongate plurivalve oviduct ; 
larvze generally parasitic in other insects. Ham. 8, Cynipide ; 4, Hvaniide ; 
5, Ichneumonide ; 6, Chalcidide ; 7, Proctotrupide. 
Division 2. Tubulifera, Latreille. Extremity of the abdomen tubular, 
retractile, and furnished with a minute sting. Larve feeding upon the 
larvee of other Hymenoptera, or upon dead insects deposited by the parent 
of such larvee for the support of the latter. Ham. 8, Chrysidide. 
SECT. Il. ACULEATA. Abdomen of the females and neuters armed 
with a poison sting. Antenne of the male with thirteen, and the female 
with twelve articulations. 
Sup-sect. 1. Praponss, Latr. Basal articulation of the posterior tarsi 
cylindrical, not dilated, nor formed for collecting pollen. Larve feeding 
upon other insects stored up, or upon animal or vegetable fluids provided 
by the neuters. Ham. 9, Crabronide ; 10, Larride ; 11, Bembecide ; 12, 
Sphecide ; 18, Scolude ; 14, Mutillide ; 15, Lormicide ; 16, Humenide ; 
17, Vesprdee. 
Sun-secr. 2. Merimera, Latr. Basal articulation of the posterior tarsi 
dilated and pollinigerous. Larve feeding upon honey or pollen paste 
deposited by the parent or collected by the neuters. Mam.18, Andrenide ; 
19, Apidee. 
Fam. 1. Tenthredinide. In this family the body is short and sub- 
cylindrical, the thorax robust, and bearing large wings with more numerous 
areas than in the other families. The antenne are short, the mandibles 
strong, and the maxillary palpi are six-articulate. The abdomen of the 
female is provided with a pair of saws, which are regularly toothed, and 
present various modifications, probably adapted to the nature of the material 
to be sawed, as we know that the saws used in mechanical operations must 
be varied according as the wood is wet or dry, hard or soft. The two saws 
are applied together and worked with an alternate motion, one being drawn 
back when the other goes forward, sawing a groove in tender bark, or in 
leaves, in the latter case either beneath the ribs, or inthe edge. In this groove 
the egg is inserted. The young live either in galls which are the result of 
the wounds, or, coming forth, they feed upon leaves. Some species do not 
saw grooves for the eggs, but affix them to leaves and branches. The 
larvee in this family have a close resemblance to those of the Lepidoptera, 
having, like them, six thoracic feet; but they have generally from twelve 
to sixteen abdominal or false feet, whilst those of the former have not more 
374 
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