204 ZOOLOGY. 
Orper III]. Pararyneoenarut. 
Internal skeleton ossified. Scales sometimes cycloid, sometimes ctenoid. 
Inferior pharyngeal bones coalesced. Air-bladder without a duct in the 
adult. 
Sub-order 1. Malacopterygii. 
Scomberesocide. 
Sub-order 2. Acanthopterygit. 
Chromide. Cyclo-Labride. Cteno-Labride. 
Orper IV. ANACANTHINI. 
Internal skeleton ossified. Scales sometimes cycloid, sometimes ctenoid. 
Fins sustained by flexible or jointed rays. Ventrals beneath the pectorals 
or entirely absent. Swimming bladder without air-duct. — 
Sub-order 1. Apodes. 
Ophididee. 
Sub-order 2. Thoracict. 
Gadide. Pleuronectide. Echineide. 
Orper V. AcANTHOPTERI. 
Internal skeleton ossified. Scales ctenoid. Fins with one or more 
of tne anterior rays unjointed or inflexible. Ventrals generally beneath or 
anterior to the pectorals. Swimming bladder without duct. 
Percide. Atherinide. Theutyide. 
Sclerogenide. Mugilide. Fistularide. 
Scienide. Notacanthide. Gobiide. 
Labyrinthi-branchii. Scomberide. Blenniide. 
Sparide. Squamipennes. Lophiide. 
Menide. Teenioidei. 
Orper VI. Puiecroenartul. 
Internal skeleton only partly ossified. Scales ganoid or spinous. Max- 
illaries and intermaxillaries firmly united. Swimming bladder without air- 
duct. 
Balistides. Ostracionide. Gyranodontide. 
403 
