MAMMALIA. 501 
observe in that extensive group other genera limited to either one of the 
continents. ‘Thus seven genera belong exclusively to Asia, six exclusively 
to Africa, two to Australia, whilst five others are found in South America 
alone, and two again in North America. <A few others are common to 
Europe and Asia, and still others to Asia and Africa. 
The group Ctenodactylina is African with one single species. 
The Dipodina is European, North Asiatic, and North African; one 
species only occurring in North America. 
The Myoxina is excluded from the new world; the species of this group 
are chiefly European, two are Asiatic, and a few North African. 
The Sciuride are equally common to North America, Europe, Asia, and 
Africa. The genus Pteromys is Asiatic and North American; the genus 
Anomalurus, African; the last continent possessing besides that genus only 
a few species of Sciurus. 
The genus Aplodontia is North American. 
The Insectivora are completely absent in the Australian provinces. 
Among T'alpide, or moles, the genera Cendylura and Scalops are North 
American; the genus Chrysochloris is from tropical Africa, with one 
species in tropical America; and the genus Talpa (mole proper) from 
temperate HKurope. 
The shrews, or Soricidee, are quite as much limited: The shrews proper 
(Sorex) are Kuropean, African, and Asiatic. The genera Hylogale and 
Hylomys are from tropical Asia; the genus Mygale from temperate 
Kurope; and the genus Macroscelides from the Cape of Good Hope. The 
family of Hrinaceide, or hedgehogs, possesses species of the genus Hrina- 
ceus in Northern Africa, Asia, and Central Kurope. The genus Centetes 
belongs to tropical Africa, and the genus Gymnura to tropical Asia. 
The Cheiroptera, or bats, we have seen above, are divided into two 
“groups according to the nature of their food, the Frugivora and Insectivora. 
~The insectivorous bats constitute the main bulk of the order. They 
abound chiefly in the tropical provinces, where they reach their greatest 
diversity. ‘I'wo species occur in Australia, a bat proper (Vespertilio) and 
a bull-dog bat (Dysopes); species of the last genus being found also in 
tropical America, Africa, and Asia, with a single species in Hurope. The 
genera Dididurus, Noctilio, Vampyrus, Phyllostoma, Glossophaga, Desmodus, 
Mormoops, and Furia all belong to tropical America. In temperate South 
America there is only one species of bat proper to be found. In arctic 
America only one species of Vespertilionide. In tropical Africa we have 
a single genus which is not found elsewhere; this is Rhinopoma. Several 
genera have species in both tropical Africa and Asia, such as Megaderma, 
Nycteris. The other genera have a wider range; Vespertilio is cosmo- 
‘polite; of the latter group a species exists in arctic America, seven in 
arctic Europe, and six in arctic Asia. 
The frugivorous bats are totally excluded from the New World. One 
species of Pteropus is a native of Australia; the other species of the same 
genus belong to the oceanic provinces, tropical Africa, tropical and central 
Asia. The genus Pachysomus is exclusively proper to tropical Asia; the 
ICONOGRAPHIC ENCYCLOPADIA.—VOL. II. 45 705 
