8 ANTHROPOLOGY. 
the Kaldani. Their principal divisions are into Syrians, Assyrians, Baby- 
lonians, Arabs, Ethiopians, Phoenicians, Jews, &c» 
3. THE JAPETID constitute the third and last division of the table 
prefixed to this article. It is this which includes the majority of the present 
inhabitants of civilized Europe, and is found in many other portions of the 
world, originally colonized from Europe. In this family the jaws project 
but slightly, the nose is mostly prominent, the facial outline sometimes 
nearly vertical. Face rarely very flat; moderately broad. Eyes rarely 
oblique. The skin ts white or brunette. Hair never woolly, often light 
colored. Indes black, blue, or grey. Divided into Occidental and Indo- 
Germanic. 
A. OCCIDENTAL JAPETIDAZ. The Celts of Brittany, Wales, Hicilawae of 
Scotland, the Isle of Man, and Ireland, are the principal representatives of 
this Bevis In physical freee they are presented under two prin- 
cipal types. 1. Zhe Silurian, with eyes and hair black; complexion dark 
with a ruddy tinge; chiefly found in South Wales. 2. The Hibernian, with 
grey eyes, yellowish, red, or sandy hair, and light complexion. 
B. Inpo-GERMANIC JAPETIDA. Of this. division we may make two classes, 
1. European; 2. Iranian. In the Huropean Indo-Germanic class we find 
three subdivisions. 
1. The Gothic: with blue eyes, flaxen hair, ruddy complexion, smooth 
skin, and fleshy limbs; or else with grey, dark, or hazel eyes, brown or 
black hair, and sallow or swarthy complexion. Found at the present time 
in Germany and Scandinavia, Switzerland, Holland, Belgium, Great Britain, 
Treland, United States, Canada, and Australia. Descended from the ancient 
Germans of the region between the Rhine and the Elbe. It may be divided 
into the Zeutons, having as subdivisions, again, the Mceso-Goths, High Ger- 
mans, and Low Germans; and into the Scandinavians, including the Ice- 
landers, Faroers, Norwegians, Swedes, and Danes. 
2. The Sarmatians, including the Lithuanians (old Prussians, Lithuanians, 
and Letti), and the Slavonians (Russians, Servians, Illyrians, Tshechs, Poles, 
Serbs, and Polabi). 
3. The Mediterranean, inhabiting Greece and Italy, subdivided into the 
Hellenic and Italian branches. 
The Iranian Indo-Germanic class includes the inhabitants of Kurdistan, 
Persia, Beloochistan, Affghanistan, and Kafferistan. 
The figures on pl. 119 present some of the typical subdivisions to which 
we have just had reference. Figs. 1 and 2 represent individuals of the 
German nation; jig. 38, an Arab; fig. 4, a Finn; fig. 5, a Chinese; jig. 6, a 
true Negro; fig. 7, a North American Indian; jig. 8, a South American 
Indian ; fig. 9,a Malay. /%. 10, the skull of a Caucasian ; fig. 11, that of 
a Negro; fig. 12, that of an ape. The chart in the centre of the plate is 
intended to exhibit at a glance the present distribution of the five races of 
Blumenbach, as explained in the margin. The translation of the German 
phrases on the plate will be found in the table of contents at the beginning 
of this volume. 
714 
