MYOLOGY. 59 
Semi-spinalis dorsi is similar to the last mentioned muscle in form, attach- 
ment, and function. 
Multifidus spine is close to the vertebra, between the spinous and the 
transverse processes. It consists of a series of small tendinous and fleshy 
fasciculi; the first arises from the spine of the dentatus, and is inserted into 
the transverse process of the third; the last arises from the spine of the last 
lumber vertebra, and is inserted into the false transverse process of the 
sacrum. It supports the spinal column, strengthens it, and inclines it to 
one side. 
Interspinales are short muscles, consisting of longitudinal fibres, whose 
attachment is indicated by the name; they support and extend the spine. 
Intertransversales consist of longitudinal fibres, attached and situated as 
implied by the name. Use: to support the spine on either side, and to 
bend it laterally. 
Rectus capitis posticus major is a triangular muscle, arising from the spi- 
nous process of the second vertebra; it is inserted into the inferior transverse 
ridge of the occipital bone. Use: to extend the head or draw it backwards, 
also to rotate it and the atlas on the second cervical vertebra. 
Rectus capitis posticus nunor, also triangular, arises from the posterior part 
of the atlas, and is inserted into the occipital bone, behind the foramen 
magnum. Use: to assist the preceding muscle in drawing back the head 
and steadying it on the spine. 
Obliquus capitis inferior is the strongest of these small muscles; it arises 
inferiorly and externally to the posterior rectus, from the spinous process of 
the second vertebra, and is inserted into the extremity of the transverse of 
the atlas. Use: to rotate the head and atlas on the second vertebra. 
Obliquus capitis superior arises from the upper part of the transverse pro- 
cess of the atlas, and is inserted into the occipital bone, between its transverse 
ridges, and just behind the mastoid processes. Use: to bend the head to 
one side, and to draw it a little forwards. 
Pi. 124, fig. 16*, trapezius; *, latissimus dorsi. 
Pl. 125, jig. 20°, splenius; *, levator scapule; *, rhomboideus; ‘, serra- 
tus posticus superior; °, serratus posticus inferior; ”, quadratus lumbo- 
rum. 
Pl. 126, fig. 21’, rectus capitis posticus minor; *, rectus capitis posticus 
major; *, obliquus capitis superior; *, obliquus capitis inferior; *, biventer 
cervicis and complexis; *, semispinalis colli; ’, scalenus posticus; *, tra- 
chelo-mastoid ; °, transversalis colli; ”, cervicalis descendens or ascendens ; 
*, multifidus spine ; ”, semispinalis dorsi; *, spinalis dorsi; *»”, levatores 
costarum ; *, intertransversalis; “, posterior attachment of the transversalis 
abdominis; *, 20”, pl. 127, fig. 11, quadratus lumborum. 
Pl. 128, fig. 1’, serratus posticus superior; *, serratus posticus inferior ; 
*, dorsal aponeurosis; *, splenius capitis; °°, sacro-spinalis; *, cervicalis 
ascendens ; °, trachelo-mastoid ; °, semi-spinalis dorsi et colli; ”, complexus; 
“, spinalis dorsi et colli. | 
Fig. 2°, splenius capitis ; 
mastoid. 
2 4 
, Splenius colli; **, complexus; *, trachelo 
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