ANGEIOLOGY. | 83 
‘wards behind the digastric, then curves horizontally backwards between the 
mastoid process and the atlas, and near the mesial line it ascends on the 
occiput, It gives off several muscular branches, some to the mastoid and 
trapezius muscles, several to the deep muscles on the sides and back of the 
neck ; and in the occiput it divides into tortuous branches which ascend in’ 
different directions in the scalp, and inosculate with the different arteries in 
that region. 
The postertor auricular artery arises above, often in common with the occi- 
pital; it ascends behind the parotid and between the meatus auditorius and 
the mastoid process ; it. divides into several branches which are lost in the’ 
integument of the ear and in the scalp; one branch, named the stylo-mastoid, 
enters the foramen of the same name. . 
The inferior or ascending pharyngeal artery arises near the division of the 
common carotid, ascends vertically to the base of the skull, and sends off 
several: pharyngeal and palatine branches, ending in a small branch which 
passes through the foramen lacerum posterius, and supplies the dura mater 
at the base of the cranium. 
The transverse artery of the face arises from the carotid in the parotid gland, 
and is distributed to the muscles and integument of the face, and joins the 
branches of the facial artery. : ? 
The temporal artery is one of the two terminal branches of the external 
carotid ; ascending over the root of the zygoma, about an inch and a, half: 
above the zygomatic arch, it divides into an anterior and posterior branch. 
The anterior temporal is distributed over the front of the temple and arch of 
the skull, and anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the 
supra-orbital and frontal artery. The posterior temporal curves upwards and 
backwards, and inosculates with the posterior of the opposite side, and with: 
the posterior auricular and occipital artery. 
The internal maxillary artery ascends obliquely forwards behind the neck 
of the maxilla between the pterygoid muscles, and gives off the following 
branches: 1, the meddle artery of the dura mater, which, passing through the 
foramen spinale of the sphenoid bone, divides into two branches which 
supply the bones of the cranium and the dura mater; 2, the inferior dental: 
this passes into the dental foramen and distributes minute arteries to the 
roots of the teeth. Between the pterygoid muscles it sends off, 3, the deep 
temporal branches to the temporal muscle; 4, masseteric ; 5, pterygoid ; 6, 
buccal, to the cheek; 7, superior dental, to the alveoli and gums; 8, infra- 
orbital, to the muscles of the face; 9, nasal, to the mucous membrane on the 
spongy bones and the septum; 10, the superior palatine, to the muscles and’ 
mucous membrane of the velum, and to the hard palate; 11, the wdan, 
a small branch which passes backwards. These terminating branches 
of the internal maxillary are entangled with the divisions of the superior 
maxillary. 
Pi. 135, jig. 1°, heart; *, left, *, right coronary artery; *, pulmonary 
artery cut off; °, arcus aorte; ‘, arteria innominata; ', right common’ 
carotid; *, left. subclavian; °, division of the innominata into the right 
carotid and subclavian; *, division of the common carotid into outer and 
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