ANGEIOLOGY. 91 
to the upper surface of the pylorus, and the gastro-duodenalis, which in turn 
ylelds inferior pyloric branches, the pancreatico-duodenalis, and the gastro- 
eptploica dextra ; the first to the lower part of the pylorus, the second to the 
duodenum and pancreas, and the third to the great omentum and stomach. 
The right and left hepatic arteries then separate and plunge into the substance 
of the liver, accompanied by branches of the vena porta; the right hepatic 
is the larger, and before entering the gland gives off the cystic artery to the 
gall bladder. 
ce. The splenic artery. 'This is the longest branch of the coeliac axis; it 
passes backwards and to the left side along the upper edge of the pancreas, 
to which it sends several branches. Near the spleen it gives off the gastro- 
eptploica sinistra. It next sends off the vasa brevia, small branches which 
go to the great end of the stomach. The splenic artery then divides into 
several branches, which enter into the spleen. 
Pl. 184, fig. 4, the abdominal aorta: *, diaphragm; *, kidney; ”, supra- 
renal capsule; *, aorta; **°, visceral arteries cut off; ’, supa-renal artery; 
*, renal artery; °, internal spermatic; ”, a lumbar artery; ”, phrenic artery. 
Fig. 3, coeliac artery: *, liver; *, gall bladder; *, round ligament of the 
liver, formerly the umbilical vein; *, stomach; °, duodenum; °, the spleen; 
7, pancreas; *, trunk of the coeliac artery; *”, gastric artery; “, hepatic 
artery; ”, gastro-epiploica dextra; “, cystic artery; “, splenic; **, outline 
of the course of the splenic artery behind the stomach; *, gastro-epiploica 
sinistra; “, vasa brevia. 
3. SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY. ‘This arises below the cceliac; de- 
scends obliquely forwards and to the left behind the pancreas and over the 
duodenum ; it then passes between the layers of the mesentery and takes 
an arched course towards the right iliac fossa: from its concave side arise 
three branches, the zleo-colic, the right colic, and the middle colic. These 
branches proceed between the laminze of the mesocolon to the large intes- 
tine; each dividing into two branches which unite with those on either 
side and form arches, from whose convexities other subdividing branches 
again arise and unite as before. These divisions and subsequent inoscula- 
tions occur several times before reaching the intestine, near which each 
branch divides into two, which proceed in a direct course, one on the 
anterior, the other on the posterior surface of the intestine, ae are distri- 
buted principally to the submucous tissue. 
Pl. 184, fig. 4°, origin of the superior mesenteric. 
Pl. 135, fig. 11, distribution of the superior mesenteric: *, folds of the 
small intestines: *, cecum; *, its vermiform appendgge;.*, ascending colon ; 
*, transverse colon; °, superior mesenteric artery with branches going off 
to the small intestines, forming numerous inosculations; ’, right colic artery; 
*, middle colic. 
4. THE INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY arises ‘about two inches below 
the preceding; it descends towards the left iliac fossa and divides into three 
branches, the left colic, sigmoid, and superior hemorrhoidal. 
The left colic artery ascends in the left mesocolon, anastomoses with the 
middle colic branch of the superior mesenteric, and supplies the left part 
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