NEUROLOGY. 129 
sends off the tympanic branch, and lower down the chorda tympani. Escaping 
through the stylo-mastoid foramen, it gives off three branches, the posterior 
auricular, stylo-hyoid, and submastoid or digastric. Further branches and 
subdivisions are the temporo-facial, with its fasciculi, the temporal, malar, 
and buceal; and the cervico-facial, still further separated into maxillary, 
submaxillary, and cervical branches. The portio dura nerve has been sup- 
posed to be the exclusive motor nerve of all the superficial muscles of the 
face, of the eyelids, nose, mouth, lips, and of the ears. 
7. Tar Auprrory NERVE, OR PorTIO MOLLIS OF THE SEVENTH Parr, 
This, which is a single nerve of sense, arises partly from the medullary 
striz, or the surface of the calamus scriptorius, and partly from the corpus 
restiforme, between the glosso-pharyngeal nerve and the tuber annulare; it 
is distributed: to the labyrinth of the ear. 
8 a. GLOSSO-PHARYNGEAL, OR First. BRANCH OF THE EIGHTH PAIR. 
This arises from the posterior cord of the medulla oblongata, just above and 
anterior to the superior filaments of the next nerve. Its filaments, there- 
fore, spring from the anterior margin of the corpus restiforme, or from the 
fissure separating it from the corpus olivare. After the union of its fila- 
ments into ‘a round cord, it. passes through the foramen lacerum: posterius, 
and is ultimately distributed to the tongue and pharynx. 
80. THe PNEuMoGasTRIC NERVE, OR VAGUS OF THE EIGHTH PAIR. 
‘This arises from the corpus restiforme of the medulla oblongata, posterior 
to the highest root of the accessory nerve. It passes through the foramen 
Jacerum posterius, in a canal in common with the spinal accessory, and is 
‘separated posteriorly from the internal jugular vein by a small spine of 
bone. In the foramen it presents a ganglionic expansion, and ‘below it a 
‘gangliform swelling, nearly an: inch in length; the latter communicates 
beneath the base of the cranium, and in front of the two first cervical verte- 
bree, with the facial, glosso-pharyngeal, spinal accessory, sympathetic, and 
superior spinal nerves, constituting the baszlar plexus. Descending towards 
these organs, it gives off cervical, thoracic, and abdominal branches. The 
cervical branches are the communicating, the auricular, the pharyngeal, the 
superior laryngeal, the cardiac, and the recurrent or inferior laryngeal. 
‘The thoracic gives off the pulmonary and the cesophageal nerves, the former 
presenting the anterior and posterior pulmonic plexus, the latter the ceso- 
phageal plexus. On the right stomach, the right vagus passes behind the 
-eardiac orifice; and its branches, with some others, unite to form the cardiac 
plexus: The pneumogastric nerves supply the pharynx, cesophagus, and 
_partly the: stomach; also the larynx, trachea, lungs, and partly the heart ; 
they are, therefore, concerned: in deglutition, voice, respiration, circulation, 
-and ‘digestion, and maintain important*sympathies between the different 
organs concerned in these functions. 
8c. Tur Nervus AccEssorius, on Sprnan Accessory. This is the 
third branch of the eighth pair. It arises from the posterior fasciculus of 
the medulla oblongata, just above the hypoglossus nerve, and also from 
the posterior fasciculus of the medulla spinalis; with a variable number of 
roots, it passes through the foramen lacerum posterius, to be distributed to 
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