206 ANTHROPOLOGY. 
After the wound has been cleaned and the flow of blood has ceased, the 
point of the needle is to be passed through the lips of the wound previously 
brought into contact, and the two ends of the thread tied in a simple ora 
shp knot; the knot, however, should not rest directly on the edge of the 
wound. Hach end of the thread or ligature may be provided with a needle, 
and the needles be introduced to the bottom of the wound and passed out- 
wards on each side. After tying the knot, the ends of the thread may be 
fastened down to the skin with plaster; a similar strip should be laid 
between the ligatures, a roll of lint coated with cerate placed on the wound, 
upon this a compress, and finally a suitable bandage. 
2. THe TwistepD Hair Pin, or FicuRE-oFr-HIGHT SUTURE (fig. 29), is 
the suture usually employed in cases of hare-lip. Straight hair-pin needles 
are introduced at suitable distances through both edges of the wound, and 
after the lips have been brought into contact, a thread is wound round the 
pin from one side to the other, in a figure-of-eight manner. 
3. THE QUILL SUTURE (ig. 30) is an interrupted suture with the threads 
tied over rolls of adhesive plaster, or quills, which thus supply the place 
of the lateral compresses. 
It frequently becomes necessary to employ instruments in the opening of 
abscesses, or collections of pus, which may exist in different parts of the 
body. ‘The incision is usually made on the most protruding portion by 
means of a lancet (jigs. 1—3), or a scalpel (figs. 7, 8); a sharp bistoury 
(fig. 9) may also be employed. Should the abscess be deep, a trochar may 
be required (fig. 4, Petit’s trochar and canula). This consists of a steel 
rod or stylet fitting accurately into the hollow cylinder or canula, beyond 
whose extremity its point projects. The puncture is made with the stylet 
in the canula, and on removing the former, the fluid passes out through the 
latter. 
Sometimes the pus from an abscess escapes between the soft parts of the 
body by a longer or shorter channel, which ultimately opens outwards, 
producing a fistula. These fistulous canals require to be opened throughout 
their entire length by a bistoury (pl. 140, fig. 9, sharp bistoury; jig. 10, 
blunt bistoury). 
3. ANEURISM. 
By aneurism is meant a dilatation of an artery in some particular spot, 
producing a tumor, which will be likely to burst in time, unless the 
proper precautions are made use of. These precautions consist essen- 
tially in obstructing the flow of blood through the artery at the spot 
affected. 
Among the instruments necessary in operations for aneurism may be 
mentioned the tourniquet: figs. 86, 87, Henkel’s field tourniquet; jig. 88, 
Savigny’s tourniquet; various knives, sounds, needles, compresses, ligatures 
of waxed silk, tenacula, forceps (as fig. 15), scissors, &c., together with the 
necessary bandages. 
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