CHEMISTRY. og 
removed by means of their handles. They are closed by a well fitting 
cover, and are used for making extracts, infusions, &c., of roots, stems, 
leaves, &c., placed in them. The steam ascends through a tube, f, intoa 
second and smaller vessel, D, fitted with a cover, in which are inserted 
arrangements, g, g’, similar to those last described. for boiling or evaporating, 
The vapor which collects in this boiler, and passes through the tube, A, is 
almost entirely condensed to water, and accumulates in the vessel, E, in 
which then there is always an abundant supply of distilled water so neces- 
sary for many purposes. The doors,yn, m’, m'’, lead to spaces which may 
be heated by steam, and if necessary,by a fire made in kf, 7. We may thus, 
as is readily intelligible from the figure, boil, distil, evaporate, and NEY all 
at once by a single heating of the boiler. 
Fig. 14 is a similar arrangement also explicable by the preceding 
description. D and C are steam boilers into which project the pots, h, k, k, 
and the vessels, L, M, Z. The fire space with its door is seen at B.  F is 
the distillatory apparatus projecting by about half the length of its neck into 
the neck of G, in which the vapors are condensed. I is a tube from the 
boiler, which also goes into the cooler, H, and furnishes an uninterrupted 
supply of distilled water. The door, H, leads to the drying press, also heated 
by steam. 
Fig. 15 represents the ground-plan of the fire space of the preceding 
apparatus. fig. 16 is a copper vessel in the upper part of which is 
suspended a pan, and heated by being set in one of the openings in the 
upper plate of the boiler. 
Fig. 17 is the porcelain pan or saucer setting in fig. 16. Fig. 18, the 
ring set on the copper vessel and carrying the porcelain pan. fig. 19, a 
plate with four apertures, into which pots such as are seen at k, k, k, in fig. 
14, may be set. This plate can be laid on an opening in the copper plate of 
the boiler, and the contents of the pots thus heated. fig. 21 represents a 
single one of these pots. 
Pharmaceutical Extract Press. Pl. 30, fig. 65, represents the hydro- 
static press as given by Real. Its object is to express the juice of plants 
under great pressure. For this purpose such substances are introduced 
into the space, A, on a sieve bottom over B, and the entire space, as well as 
the tube, C, filled with water. This tube is made several stories high and 
leads tc seme convenient part of the house. As soon as the column of 
water in C is brought into communication with the water in the cylinder, 
A, the column of water exerts a pressure corresponding to its height, on the 
substances placed in A, which are therefore more completely penetrated by 
water. The extract obtained is removed from beneath, after a proper time, 
by opening the cock, d. 
Pl. 30, fig. 66, is essentially the same apparatus, and is intelligible by 
means of the same description as in the preceding paragraph, with the 
variation only that a column of mercury is used instead of water. The 
apparatus is first filled from D, with water, the cock, e, closed, and the tube, 
E, filled with mercury. 
Fig. 67 exhibits a press for the same purpose after Rommershausen. 
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