emesisi These ^ts refused to take food of any k|iid from that tin© until 

 their death]| nor were they obsarved to drink watgn or railk during that 

 period. The psychologiGg^l reaetien of %he oats ^(. ^ne physiojogical upset 

 combined v-dth forced eonfinement is believed to b§ -fcl^ principal cause of 

 their death. jSlalnutrition and the action of the rcdenticlde directly or 

 indirectly, also were contributing;; factors, Sim^§.- isjiperimen^s with tam© 

 cats resi^lted in lOOrpercent survival. 



Animals effected by ^11 health or seripug in4lnu"^B|tion do not respond 

 favorably to the pKotect5.ve action of tartar emetic. Without exception, 

 dogs and cats so afflicted died as a result of ingesting the emetic-bearing 

 rodenticide. The emetic v/as not effective in sorie of there animals, while 

 in others it either acted within a normally expected oi* sa/iously prolonged 

 time. Regardless of the time erne sis took place, nov/ever, the animal eventually 

 died, apparently from the action of the toxic agent. 



The reaction of dogs to the vomited material became a factor in the 

 studies* It was not uncommon for dogs to reingest bheir o%.t vomit. A number 

 of them were observed to go through this performance a second, and even a 

 third, time. Despite this repeated ingestion most of them avrvived. 



Laboratory and field studies of the acceptance by Alexancrine, black, 

 and Norway rats of toxic bait with and without tartar emetic did not disclose 

 any distinction betvreen the two types of baits on the part of the rats. 

 There is no evidence that the addition of tartar emetic is in any way detri- 

 mental to the acceptance of the bait by rats. 



Smi'IARY 



In summarizing the experiments it is worthy of note ^hat tartar emetic 

 added to bait was instrumental in bringing about the survival of 107, or 81 

 percent, of 132 dogs and cats fed 1 to 5 minimum lethal do4t>s of zinc 

 phosphide, thallium sulphate, and barium carbonate. So far as could be 

 determined^ survival and recovery were complete. No loss of hair occurred 

 in animals to vrhich thallium vr&s administered. 



These facts lead to the following conclusions: The primary toxic 

 action of 1 to 5 lethal doses of zinc phosphide, thallium sulplmte, and 

 barium carbonate can be appreciably reduced or nullified in dogs and cats 

 by tartar emetic used to supplement these poisons in baits for tHa control 

 of injurious rodents. These poisons may be incorporated with ta.'^xr emetic 

 in the following proportions; 



Zinc phosphide, 8 parts? tartar emetic, 3 parts; 

 Thallium sulphate, 7 parts; tartar emetic, 4 parts; 

 Barium carbonate, 140 parts; tartar emetic, 3 parts. 



There should be no deduction from these experiments, direct or implied., 

 that similar benefits would accrue to human beings ingesting such materials. 



-5- 

 10021 



