FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT 5 



Imown to US by name through the old Spanish historical documents of 

 New Mexico, showing that the hh language was spoken by many tribes 

 which covered a large area of the High Plains. The northernmost 

 of these tribes is reported in old Spanish sources from what is now 

 northeastern Colorado, only 150 miles south of the Black Hills. This 

 takes away the element of novelty from the fact that the Kiowa- 

 Apache joined the Kiowa in the Black Hills region about the year 

 1800 or earlier, and shows that the Kiowa- Apache also were merely 

 one of the kh speaking tribes, typically Prairie Apaches, and not an 

 Athapascan people en route migrating from Canada, as Goddard at 

 first conjectured. A report was finished on the northern provenience 

 of the Navaho and Apache. 



Considerable time was also spent on a new sign language study, 

 through Kiowa informants and other sources, bringing out addi- 

 tional information regarding the nature and structure of this inter- 

 esting Plains Indian invention. 



At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., 

 archeologist, was conducting excavations at the Lindenmeier Site 

 north of Fort Collins, Colo. This was a continuation of the pro- 

 gram of investigations started in the fall of 1934 and carried on 

 during succeeding summers. The location is one where Folsom 

 man, one of the earliest known New World inhabitants, camped 

 and made the weapons and tools that were used in killing and 

 dressing the big game that constituted his main source of sustenance. 

 Work was resumed in 1937 at the point where the 1936 activities 

 terminated and at the end of the summer an area of some 2,800 square 

 feet had been uncovered and numerous traces of occupation noted 

 and studied. Several places were found where bison and other large 

 animals had been dismembered, cooking fires lighted, and a feast 

 enjoyed. At other places there were indications that individuals had 

 been seated there manufacturing stone projectile points, knives, and 

 scrapers. Many charts were drawn recording the nature of the 

 assemblages of bones and stone implements and showing their distri- 

 bution. In addition, 133 diagrams illustrating the character of the 

 overlying deposits were prepared as the excavations progressed. 

 These, together with the extensive notes on the work, add valuable 

 data to the body of information on the mode of life and customs 

 of the people. A collection of 735 specimens was obtained and 

 among them were several new forms of knives, scrapers, and points. 

 These broaden the knowledge relative to the general complex and 

 nature of the material culture. 



At the close of the excavating season Dr. Roberts proceeded to 

 North Platte, Nebr., where he inspected a number of collections be- 

 longing to local residents and visited the sites where man}^ of them 



