18 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



English, and American origin. The occupation probably began in 

 the mid-eighteenth century, or perhaps somewhat earlier, and lasted 

 until 1869. House patterns with compact floor, post holes, central 

 fire hearth, and bell-shaped cache pits were found. In general, it 

 may be said that the site shov/s relationship with Taovayas site of 

 Spanish Fort. It is located near the site of Towash Village, one of the 

 historic sites studied. This village was an early white settlement dat- 

 ing from the 1840's to the present time. The first dam and bridge on 

 the Brazos River were located there, and their remains, as well as those 

 of the old stone store and church, are still to be seen. Measurements 

 and photographs were taken in order to make scale drawings of the 

 buildings. 



The other historic site studied was that of Fort Graham, a frontier 

 post dating 1849-54. The outlines of one of the buildings, as well as 

 several other features, were located. It also was determined that the 

 "Village of the Caddoes," visited by Ferdinand Roemer in 1846, was 

 situated at the site of Fort Graham. 



Excavations got under way at the La von Reservoir on June 19 in 

 the Hogge Bridge site, one of 11 situated along the east fork of the 

 Trinity River. Each of the sites contains a large circular pit, which 

 is a feature peculiar to the area. Digging was started in one of the 

 large pits in order to determine what their purpose may have been. 

 By the end of the fiscal year, the southwestern quarter of the pit in 

 the Hogge Bridge site had been cleared and the original surface un- 

 covered. The pit was 10 feet deep, 65 feet in diameter on the inside, 

 and had a rim of dirt from the original excavation piled around the 

 periphery measuring 90 feet from crest to crest. The floor proved to 

 be concave, and no post holes or evidences of a structure had been 

 found by the end of the year. Along the east rim of the pit was a bur- 

 ial area, and on the inner slope of the south side of the pit a bear burial 

 was uncovered. Potsherds indicate that the site probably dates be- 

 tween A. D. 1200 and 1500, but its cultural affiliations had not yet 

 been determined. 



During November and December Dr. Theodore E. White prospected 

 the Upper Cretaceous deposits in the La von Reservoir for vertebrate 

 fossils. A number of specimens were located, but time permitted the 

 removal of only two. One consisted of a small mosasaur (unident) 

 skull and the skull of a large mosasaur (Tylosaurus?) . 



During the time when he was not in the field, Robert L. Stephenson, 

 archeologist, prepared reports on the various surveys which he had 

 made and processed the specimens in the laboratory at Austin. In 

 November he attended the Seventh Conference for Plains Archeology 

 and presented a paper on the work he had been doing in Texas. In 

 May he attended the meetings of the Society for American Archaeology 



