sidered generically different. Nor do torms specifically distinct cytologically 
necessarily show marked phenotypical differences, since demonstrable mutational 
changes in the carrier protein may not entail a marked mtational change in the 
nucleic acid of the gene, a situation well illustrated by Parus palustris versus 
Parus atricapillus, 
The author proposes the name “oceulto-species"” for the unique situation kmown 
in Drosophila, where, while differences between the chromosome complex of two 
groups of individuals can be demonstrated histologically, the difference is too 
slight to cause any hybrid sterility. In introducing these definitions of race, 
occulto-species, species, and genus, the author emphasizes his belief that ac- 
curate classification of higher animals can be based only on cyto-genetic ariterie. 
1947 "Histological Observations on the Reproductive Organ of a Hybrid Ardeid (Nycticorax 
caledonicus manillensis male X Beretta alba modesta female) (with English resume): 
Seibutu, I (5,6) pp 288-290, 1946 (Oct 1947). 
ine testes of a hybrid between a Philippine night heron and an egret reared in 
the Ueno Zoo, Tokyo, were found on dissection to be nsrmal in size and structure, 
But histological examination showed the presence of some degenerate spermatids, 
together with both normal and abnormal spermatozoa, indicating that this hybrid 
probably possesses pertial fertility. 
Yamashina, Yoshimaro and Kiyosu, Y. 
1943 "A New Race of a Sparrow from Shansi, China": Bull Bioge Soc Jap, XIII (5), pp 
39-41, Feb 1943, 
Passer montanus shansiensis is described from Shansi Province, northern China, 
amashina, Y. and Makino, 5. 
1946 "A Study on the Chromosomes of Pigeons and Doves" (with English resume): Seibutu, 
I (2), pp 92-1C0, 14 fig, Apr 1946, 
The chromosomes of Streptopelia orientalis are described for the first time. 
Those of Columba livia and Streptopelia decaocto var. risoria are re-examined, 
and former errors are corrected, 

Yamashina, Yoshimaro end Torii, Hajime 
1944 "Nidification of Formosan Birds" III (in English): Tori, XI (55), pp 502-524, 12 
fig, Sep 1944, 
Detailed descriptions of the breeding habits, nests, and eggs of 16 common 
Formosan species, based on specimens collected and observations made by the 
junior author on the west coast between Keelung and Takao in May, June, July, 
and August, 1939. 
Yamaya, Shuncho 
1943 Almanac of Wild Birds (Yacho Saijiki), l2mo, Tokyo, pp 1-286, 10 col pl, 2 Jul 1943, 
Few people are as sensitive to the monthly change of weather as the Japanese, 
especially the poets who compose odes of 17 kana words, They are born nature 
lovers, and bird life is a popular writing subject with them, This pocket book 
gives short descriptions of the birds most common and typical to each season of 
the year and examples of model poems for each species, It skillfully links field 
observation with the indoor or garden pastime of poem making, and its depiction 
of 85 species of birds in its 10 color plates is an excellent aid to identifica- 
tion, 
26 
