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hybrid shows total sterility, parents may be considered as belonging to different 
genera, If none of such hybrids is able to grow to a healthy adult stage, the 
parents may be considered as belonging to different families, 
"Studies on Sterility in Hybrid Birds, V, A Cytological Study of the Reciprocal 
Hybrids between the Domestic Duck and the Muscovy Duck, with Special Reference to 
Sterility and the Valency of the Sex Factor in the Intergeneric Hybrid" (with 
English resume): Jap Jour Gen, XIX (5), pp 20-218, 4 fig, 14 photo, Oct 1943, 
The development of the genital organs differs noticeably between the reciprocal 
hybrids, both of which are totally sterile. In Muscovy male X domestic female 
the male has large testes, but the female has a rudimentary ovary, while in 
domestic male X Muscovy female both male and female have large gonads, Hybride 
of both matings show the following cytological results: (1) In morphological 
features the chromosomes of both crosses are essentially alike, (2) The firet 
meiotic division of the spermatogonia and the primary spermatocyte celle in both 
hybrids does not advance beyond the metaphase, (3) The F, female of domestic 
male X Muxcovy female, differs from the female of the Peclnrocal hybrid in having 
an apparently normal ovary which produces eggs, but the chromosomes fail to pair. 
The author suggeste that species of ducks may dif‘er from each other in their 
valences (M and F) as in the geographical races of Lymantria, The Muscovy is 
regarded as a "strong" apecies in Goldechmidt's sense, the domestic duck as a 
"weak" one. If the numerical values of the sex-determining factors of the Mus- 
' covy are given as Mmx50 and Fm=35 respectively, and those of the domestic duck 
as Md=40 and Fd=25, the male offspring of both crosses become Mm Md Fm Fd=30, 
are sexually regular, and have normal size testes, but their germ cells degen- 
erate through failure of the meiotic process, The female hybrid, domestic male 
X Muscovy female, becomes Md Fd Fmz20; thus, though sexually regular, the germ 
cells fail meiotically, and consequently her eggs do not hateh, Female offspring 
from Muscovy male X domestic female are Md Fm Fd=10 and, as in Lymantria, become 
an intersex with only a rudimentary ovary. 
"An Account of the Crows": Yacho, X (10), unpaged reprint, Nov-Dec 1943. 
A general popular account of the crow family, tracing its origin, relationships, 
world-wide distribution, and habits, 
"On a New Subspecies of Crowned Pigeon from South New Guinea": Bull Bioge Soc Jap, 
XIV (1), pp 1-2, Jan 1944, 
Goura echeepmakeri wadai is based on a unique specimen from Bian River, southern 
New Guinea, 
"Two New Subepecies of Birds from Formosa and Yunnan"; Bull Biege Soc Jap, XIV 
(2), pp 3-4, Jan 1944, 
Aegithaliscus concinus taiwanensis is confined to the Formosan mountains, 
Lanius nigriceps yunnanensis is described from Yunnan, 

Ten Stories of Birds (Tori Ju Wa), 8vo, Tokyo, pp 1-237, 48 fig, 30 Jan 1944, 

This nicely written Little book on general ornithology was prepared for non- 
scientific readers, with chapters on breeding, nests and eggs, food, environ- 
ments, migration, domestic birde, and hvbrids, The chapter on hybrids explains 
the Mendelian theory, chromosomes, and other technical points in simple terms 
and tries to clarify the much discussed question, "What is a species 7?! , 
"Comparative Study. of the Chromosomes of Seventeen Varieties of Domestic Fowl": 
Hok Imp Univ Short Reports, (1), pp 14-15, Aug 1945, 
eee to Shiwaga and Akkeringa differences are found in the shave and rum- 
er of the chromosomes of varieties of domestic fowl, Yamashina found no dit - 
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