following systematic slaughter after December 1932, during which about 3,000 
birds were destroyed. In 1932 cattle were introduced and browsed on the alba- 
tross breeding area. In August 1933 Torishima was made a bird sanctuary, but 
the islanders heard of the government decision and slaughtered the birds before 
the law could become effective. . In August 1939 the island erupted again, and 
the terrain became even more unfavorable for the albatrosses. 
At Yamashina's request, fishing schooners searched in the mid-Pacific for this 
albatross during 1933-36 but collected only one specimen, near Morell Island in 
the Hawaiian group, 28 February 1936, In 1938 Mr Greenway of Harvard wrote 
Yamashina that as Diomedea albatrus had become rare along the California coast, 
probably some accident had occurred to their breeding ground in Japan, Thus 
with the wiping out of the Torishima colony, the species simultaneously became 
scarce on the eastern coast of the Pacific ocean, indicating that the albatrosse 
migrated east to west and vice versa, Breeding colonies of two other alba- 
trosses, D, nigripes and D, immutabilis, were also destroyed at Torishima, but, 
having large breeding colonies elsewhere, they are still seen frequently on the 
open sea, ; 
1943 "A New Subspecies of Picoides tridactylus Discovered in Hokkaido": Bull Bioge 
Soc Jap, XIII (6), pp 43-45, Feb 1943, 
Three-toed woodpeckers were found for the first time in Hokkaido in 1942, and 
a@ new race, Picoides tridactylus inouyei, is described and named for the col- 
lector of the three known specimens, 
1943 "Study on Sterility in Hybrid Birds, IV, Cytological Researches on Hybrids in the 
Family hasianidae" (in English): Jour Fac Sci Hok Imp Univ, VIII (4), pp 307-286, 
3 tab, 87 text fig, 15 pl, April 1943. 
The chromosome number in several breeds of domestic fowl is defined, the diploid 
number of the males being 78 and that of the female 77, The diploid chromosomes 
of two subspecies of common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus karpowi and P, c. 
versicolor) were found to be 82 in the male and 81 in the female, while the 
haploid number in the primary spermatocyte is 41 (male, n) without exception, 
Many Fy hybrids were produced from various combinations of these parents and 
were found to possess the chromosome complex of the two parents, 80 in the rile 
hybrid and 79 in the female, The male germ cells of this hybrid do not advance 
beyond the pachytene stage of the primary spermatocyte and thereafter degener- 
ate, failing to form the metaphase spindle of the first division. Degeneration 
of the oocyte seems to take place during the leptotine stage. Thus, complete 
sterility of this hybrid is proved cytologically. 
The chromosome numbers in the males of the Japanese copper pheasant, Syrmaticus 
soemmerringii scintill-»ns, the common pheasant, Phasienus colchicus, and the 
Soldeu pheasant, Chrysolovhus pictus, are identical, 82 in diploid and 41 in 
hapioia. Toe morphological characteristics differ only in the length of the 
b=chromosomes, which is longest in Syrmaticus and shortest in Chrysolophus, 

In the testes of the hybria between the copper pheasant and the golden pheasant 
the majority of the germ cells form the metaphase spindle of the first meiotic 
division, while some degenerate and fail to complete the second meiotic division, 
A few pass through the second division, most of them forming abnormally shaped 
Spermatozoa, Only a few develop into normal spermatozoa, thus indicating the 
partial fertility of the male, 
In the male hybrid between the Lady Amherst pheasant, Chrysolophus amherstiae, 
and the golden pheasant, C, pictus, no abnormality is found, The chromosomes 
pass through two meiotic divisions normally and develop into functional sperma- 
tozoa, so the male hybrid is completely fertile. 
Sterility in the ,hybrids Gallus X Phasjan.s and Syrmaticus X Chrysolophus is 
of the chromosomal type, Another factor leading to sterility is the antago- 
21 
