167 



25.— «' Rocky Mountain Juniper." (Jiinipertis occidentalism Hooker, 

 var. monos]_)erma, EDgelm.) 



A scraggy, stunted tree, occupying low, dry hills between 3,500 and 

 7,000 feet elevation. It ranges through southern Colorado, 'New Mex- 

 ico (and westward through southern Arizona to southern California). 

 In some localities it forms pure growths, but is chiefly associated with 

 the Kut Pine (Pimis edulis) and J tinip ems p achy phloea, together forming 

 the principal timber growth of the hilly sections ; 25 to 30 feet in height, 

 and 1^ feet or more in diameter. Wood rather light and soft, but very 

 durable in contact with the soil, and employed largely for fuel and 

 fencing. 



Descripiion. — Leaves iu twos (alternate opposite pairs) and threes, fringed. , Ber- 

 ries blne-blnck or copper-colored, resinous-fleshy ; one to two, or more, grooved seeds 

 in each berry. Branches short, horizontal, and often from the ground. 



26.~Eed Cedar. Savin. {Juniper us Yirgiyiiana, Linn.) 



A valuable tree, and one of the most widely distributed of the North 

 American Conifers. It is a very adaptive sj)ecies, but the character of 

 the soil has much to do with its success as a timber tree; in bottom- 

 lands it reaches a height of nearly 100 feet, with a diameter of 3 feet or 

 more, while in dry, barren soil it is a small, slow-growing tree, or little 

 more thasi a shrub. In the Eocky Mountain region it occurs chiefly in 

 the mountains of Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho (also through 

 eastern United States and north of the boundary). The timber is light, 

 soft, and possesses remarkable durability in contact wiih the soil. It 

 is employed principally for posts, ties, and cabinet work. 



Descnpt'ion. — Leaves scale-like, iu twos, sometimes in threes, mostly in alteruate 

 opposite pairs, of two forms: on young plants and shoots, needle-pointed and some- 

 what S])readiug; on mature branchlets, awl-pointed and closely overlapping; bright 

 glossy green to tawny brown in winter ; midrib indistinct. Branchlets slender, four- 

 angled. Berries small, ovate, smooth, but with few small, scaly protuberances- 

 whitish with bloom. 



27.— Yew. (TaxnshrevifoUa^^wtt.) 



A somewhat rare and small tree as it occurs at its eastern limit in the 

 Eocky Mountains of western Montana and Idaho. In its more westerly 

 range, however (through Washington Territory and Oregon to central 

 California), it attains a much larger size, 40 to TOfeet in heightand 1| to2| 

 feet in diameter. It generally i)refers a moist, rich soil, and on the Pa- 

 cific Coast is much associated with Lambert's Pine and tlie Douglas 

 Spruce. The wood is hard, durable, and very elastic, and is used con- 

 siderably for fence posts, tool-handles, bows, etc. 



Description. — Leaves scattered, f to 1 inch long, narrow, flat, curved, sharp-pointed, , 

 ribbed above, on yellowish footstalks ; yellowish glossy green above, whitish {ijlaucous) 

 below. Fruit solitary, borne on tlie under side of the branches, amber-rod or yellow- 

 ish brow Branches long, slender, and pendulous ; bark yellowish. 



