Class B forests. — Forest land in the Mississippi Delta 

 survey units not classified as class A areas. 



Tree Classes 



Saw/og-size tree. — A tree with the following minimum 

 diameters outside bark: In the Mississippi River Delta 

 units, hardwood and cypress 13.0 inches at 4^i teet above 

 the ground (churn-butted trees, at 2% feet above the butt 

 swell); in the pine units, cypress trees 9.0 inches at 4]i 

 feet above the ground or at Z'o teet above the butt swell; 

 all pines (except turpentined longleal and slash pine) 9.0 

 inches at 4'2 teet above the ground; turpentined longleaf 

 and slash pine 9.0 inches at 10 teet above the ground; and 

 hardwoods 13.0 inches at 4'2 teet above the ground. 



Sau;-timber tree. — A sawlog-size tree that contains at 

 least one sound log 12 feet long or that has at least 50 

 percent ot its gross volume in sound material. 



Sound or good tree. — A sawlog-size tree that is, or an 

 under-sawlog-size tree that gives promise ot becoming, a 

 saw-timber tree. 



Cull tree. — A sawlog-size tree that is not a saw-timber 

 tree, because ot poor torm, crook, knots, extreme limbiness, 

 decay, or other detects; or an under-sawlog-size tree that 

 for similar reasons will not become a saw-timber tree. 



High-quality saw timber. — Logs or bolts ot the quality 

 commonly accepted at tull value on the open market by 

 the lumber, veneer, and cooperage industries. Material 

 in such species as honevlocust, cedar elm, and water hickory 

 was considered high grade it its quality was equivalent to 

 that accepted in species ordinarily in greater demand. 



Low-quality saw timber. — Logs or bolts not of the quality 

 to meet the specifications tor high-quality saw timber. 



Turpentine- Tree Conditions 



Round. — Longleat and slash pine trees that have never 

 been worked tor naval stores. 



fVorking — Longleat and slash pine trees being wt)rked 

 for naval stores. 



Resting. — Previously worked longleaf and slash pine trees 

 that are resting prior to the working of back faces. 



IVorked-out. — Longleat and slash pine trees on which as 

 many taces have been worked as the trees will stand. 



Growth and Drain 



Growing stock. — That part of the timber stand on which 

 growth is computed. Only thrifty, well-formed trees arc 

 included. Boardtoot growing stock includes only the saw- 

 log portion ot saw-timber trees. Growing stock in conls 

 and in cubic teet includes, in addition to saw timber, sound 

 under-sawlog-size trees and upper stems of sawlog-size 

 pine trees. 



Growth. — As used in this report, growth represents the 

 aggregate growth during the year of all sound trees of 

 merchantable size, plus the volume of small trees reaching 

 merchantable size, before mortality is deducted. 



Mortality loss. — The aggregate loss of sound trees during 

 the year through natural death, fire, insect damage, disease, 

 windthrow, and other factors, excluding removal for use. 



Net increment. — Total growth minus mortality. 



Merchantable volume. — The volume in board feet of all 

 sawlog-size trees. Merchantable volume changes during 

 a given period by an amount equal to the growth of indi- 

 vidual trees already of merchantable size plus the volume 

 ot small trees attaining merchantable size and minus the 

 volume lost through death. 



Commodity drain. — .All growing-stock material removed 

 from the forest by cutting, including woods waste. 



Woods waste. — Portions ot good trees included in the 

 survey inventory but lett in the woods when the trees are 

 cut. 



Cull. — Portions of sound trees unmerchantable owing to 

 fire scars, rot, shake, insect damage, large knots, fork, 

 crook, excessive sweep, etc. 



Forest Management and Utilization 



Selective cutting. — Removing as many as possible ot the 

 defective, unpromising trees, along with a portion of the 

 mature timber, and leaving for tuture growth the more 

 rapidly growing young timber. 



Integrated use.- — Cutting all of the timber that it is 

 proper to cut at one time, and then sorting the material 

 tor the use to which its size, quality, and species best 

 adapt it (as high-quality red gum logs tor veneer and 

 lower-quality oak tor railroad ties). 



Units of Measure 



Lumber tally. — The International log rule was used in the 

 inventory to apprtiximate lumber tally. Use was made of 

 the tollowing tormula tor a l6-foot Ic^, with allowances 

 tor a }^-inch taper in 4 teet and tor a ^^-inch saw kerf and 

 Ss-inch shrinkage: :=0.:96D-— 1.357D— LZo. Mill cut 

 was used tor lumber production figures. 



Cord. — Standard stack (4 by 4 by 8 feet), bark included. 



Cubic fool. — .All cubic-toot volumes represent solid wood 

 only, excluding bark. 



Saval stores unit. The equivalent of 1 barrel (50 gallons) 

 ot turpentine and 3S barrels (5W jx^unds. cr\^ss) of rosin. 



Ton of stump wood. — Represents 5 wcll-scasoneil okl- 

 growth longleaf pine stumps, removed by blasting. 



Diameter class. — The 10-inch diameter class, tor cx.iinple, 

 includes trees from ^>.0 to lO.'J inches d. b. h.; the 12-inch 

 class, trees trom 1 1.0 to 12.9 inches. 



