‘ : L 5 
Reeredicn eooule ee as tox as‘is “reasonably possible along lines that 
have regard not only for effective nosquito contrél but for conservation 
“principles as-well, so as to assure the fullest possible protection to 
-wildlife, and: thus serve the greatest public interest. That this can be 
done is exemplified in the nosquito-control work of J. ‘yell Clarke, in 
Illinois, S. L. Crosthwait, in Maryland, and Milton H. Price, in Rhode 
Island, which is especially commendable as tending to harmonize wilélife 
and. nosquito-control interests. 
The second requisite for coordinating no squito- -control and wildlife 
interests is cooperation. To assure against the production or retention 
of a nosquito hazard, it should be the duty of conservationists to obtain 
the assistance of competent entomologists in planning the establishnent 
and developnent of wildlife sanctuaries and refuges that are’ to be located 
within nosquito-flight range of adjacent communities. On the other hand, 
. those engaged in mosquito-control work, at least in areas where’ the con— 
. servation | of wildlife is concerned, either should be sufficiently trained 
in biological and conservation principles to accomplish justifiable nos- 
quito control without unnecessary damage to wildlife and its habitat, or 
should obtain, the cooperation of conpetent conservationists throughout 
the planning and progress of the control work. 
Marshes exist under such a wide variety of conditions as regards 
water and other factors that a method of nosquito control favorable to 
the conservation of wildlife in one area nay be disastrous in another. 
it is assumed, however, that control on any marsh con be acconplished 
by the appropriate alteration of one or more existing conditions of the 
environment that favor nosquito production. Few conservationists sub- 
scribe to the view that all environmental conditions must be changed 
for success in mosquito control. Since narshes differ so widely with 
local conditions, the methods enployed for the satisfactory elinination 
of mosquito breeding, and for the conservation of desirable features of 
the marsh, must be varied also from locality to locality. Control op- 
erations should be linited. where possible to those particular parts 
of the marsh that are nosquito-breeding wnits and to measures that are 
effective, yet not unnecesserily destructive to the marsh as a whole. 
A ditching method in use in those parts of Maryland where the tide 
range is slight may not be unduly detrimental to 2 waterfowl habitat, 
but the sane system of ditching applied in’arens that have an appreciable 
tide range may be extremely injurious to wildlife. 
The results of the studies made by Dachnowski-Stokes on marsh 
soils reveal the fallacy of applying a standard ditching system for the 
control of mosquitoes in all marshes, as has sometimes been the prac- 
tice along the &tlantic coast. To prevent avoidable injury by ditching 
to any narsh, therefore, the soil should first be carefully and adequately 
studied in profile sections. Then the ditching system should be so plan- 
ned and so adjusted to the particular soil conditions that the ecological 
balances of the marsh will be harmed as little as possible. In important 
wildlife areas the wholesale destruction of habitat by improper drainage 
or other detrimental methods should not occur. In all such cases, there 
-should be close cooperation between the two interests concerned, in a 
Patient devising of appropriate methods of mosquito control and wildlife 
conservation for each particular set of conditions, on the basis of con- 
tin 
