18 MISC. PUBLICATION 162, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 
lumber produced Douglas fir (fig. 11) ranks second only to southern 
yellow pine, and ponderosa pine ranks third. Western hemlock, 
sugar pine, and western white pine also are valuable timber trees 
of this region. 
In California grow the celebrated bigtrees and redwoods. The 
redwoods are found in a strip 20 to 30 miles wide along the coast, 
extending from the southern borders of Oregon into Monterey 
County, Calif. The bigtrees grow farther inland on the western 
slope of the Sierra Nevada. Because of the comparatively small 
number remaining, the big trees are no longer cut commercially, but 
redwood is still lumbered and has a variety of uses. 
Other species found in the Pacific coast region are western and 
mountain hemlocks; noble, silver, Jowland white, white, and Shasta 
red firs; western red, incense, Port Orford, and Alaska cedars; Sitka, 
Engelmann, and bigcone spruces; western and Lyall larches; lodge- 
pole, knobcone, and digger pines; Monterey and Gowan cypresses; 
western and California junipers; single-leaf pifion; oaks; ash; 
maples; birches; alders; cottonwood; buckeye; laurel; and madrona. 
HOW OUR FORESTS SERVE US 
ForEST Propucts 
For many of us the forest is no longer close at hand. Neverthe- 
less, it has continued to contribute more and more to our needs until 
today the uses to which its resources and products are put are legion. 
The principal forest product, of course, is wood—one of the world’s 
most useful raw materials. Wood provides us with shelter; imple- 
ments, furniture, and many other articles intimately associated with 
our daily lives are made of it. It gives us most of the paper that 
goes into our newspapers and books. Our railroads are still laid 
on wooden ties, and in millions of homes throughout the country 
wood is still the sole or principal fuel used. It is also used in mining 
the coal and drilling for the oil which heat countless other homes 
and provide power for industries and transportation systems. In 
short, most of the products used by the American people, whether 
vegetable, animal, or mineral, use wood somewhere in the process of 
production, distribution, or utilization. 
As a result of our enormous demand for wood, there has developed 
a large group of industries engaged in the manufacture of forest 
products. Foremost among these is the lumber industry, which has 
to do with felling the trees, cutting them into logs, and getting the 
logs to the sawmill, where they are sawed into boards and rough 
lumber (fig. 12). Planing mills remanufacture some of the rough 
lumber into finished lumber, sash, door, blinds, and other products. 
Still other plants use the rough lumber for the manufacture of lasts 
and related products, spools and bobbins, woodenware novelties, toys, 
and other turned-wood products. The veneer industry cuts from 
logs the thin sheets of wood used in the making of baskets, berry 
boxes, and other containers. Veneers are also used extensively by 
the furniture industry, which also employs other forms of wood. . The 
cooperage industry employs wood in the form of bolts for the manu- 
facture of barrels, kegs, buckets, etc. There are many other indus- 
tries which manufacture the numerous wooden articles in common 
