ginia, but there is a steady, and, in the aggregate, a 
large loss of volume from local windstorms that blow 
down scattered individual trees. This loss occurs in 
all parts of the State. Although not strictly wind 
damage, additional losses are caused by glaze storms 
which seem to occur on the average about once a de- 
cade. Damage is particularly severe on the southern 
yellow pines (fig. 62), and trees 6 to 10 inches in 
diameter suffer especially from bole and top breakage 
and are frequently uprooted. When strong winds oc- 
cur while the trees are still weighted with ice, damage 
is even more severe. 
Net Board-Foot Increment 
In 1945, the net increment of the saw timber in 
Virginia’s forests was 1,744 million board feet (Inter- 
national %-inch rule). Slightly more than half was 
softwood, or 923 million feet (table 17). Nearly two- 
fifths of the total was in loblolly and shortleaf pines 
alone. Oaks contributed one-fifth, gums and yellow- 
_ poplar nearly one-fifth, and all other species the 
remainder. 
Tasie 17.—WNet increment of saw timber by species group and province, 
1945 
Gone Coastal Pied , | 
pecies group Pin iedmont | Mountain | State 
Million Million Million | Million 
Softwoods: bd. ft. bd. ft. bd. ft. bd. ft. 
Warginiaepi neste eet es 37 164 18 219 
_ Other yellow pines__-_____-- 490 157 21 668 
Other softwoods______--___- 6 7 23 36 
otal eas wees 533 328 62 923 
Hardwoods: 
Oaksas eso SS 82 168 102 352 
Gums and yellow-poplar____-_ 134 147 37 318 
Other hardwoods-_---------- 45 58 48 151 
Total eee Skee atk 261 373 187 821 
All’species#=27 2 S222 ee 794 701 | 249 | 1,744 
The Piedmont forests were growing at the fastest 
rate, chiefly because of the high growth rate of the 
Virginia pine type in this province. The Coastal 
Plain forests were second, and those of the mountains 
a poor third. For the State as a whole, net annual 
increment was nearly 7 percent of the saw-timber 
growing stock. - 
Net Increment of Entire Stand 
The 1945 net increment on all sound trees 5.0 inches 
d. b. h. and larger, including the saw timber previously 
considered, was 8,399,000 cords. Fifty-five percent 
of the increment was hardwood, but growth of the 
loblolly and shortleaf pines made up 30 percent of 
the total increase (table 18). 
Virginia Forest Resources and Industries 
TasLe 18.—WNet increment of all sound trees 5.0 inches d. b. h. and 
larger, by species group and province, 1945 
Species group Coastal Piedmont } Mountain | State 
Softwoods: M cords M cords M cords | M cords 
Winginiay pies ssa ese sae 203 859 104 1,166 
Other yellow pines____._____ 1,647 757 88 2,492 
Other softwoods____-_--__-- 19 49 83 151 
Motal sss eee eee 1,869 1,665 275 3,809 
Hardwoods 
Qa ks eeeeaiaes i cS are ad 472 873 594 1,939 
Gums and yellow-poplar____- 631 670 157 1,458 
Other-hardwoods___________ 262 483 448 1,193 
Totales2- ee Moe avs 1,365 2,026 1,199 | 4,590 
| ——} - 
All species-__---------__- 3,234 | 3,691] 1,474 |. 8,399 
| 
Net Increment per Acre 
In saw-timber stands, increment per acre in the 
loblolly pine type in the Coastal Plain (321 board 
feet) exceeds that in any other type or province 
(table 19). Its nearest competitor is the cypress-cedar 
type in the same province, with 272 board feet, fol- 
lowed by the loblolly pine type in the Piedmont (262 
board feet). 
individual types is invariably greater in the Coastal 
Plain than in the Piedmont, and greater in the Pied- 
mont than in the mountains. For all types averaged, 
the ratio is very nearly 3: 2: 1. The average incre- 
ment per acre for all commercial forest lands in the 
State was 121 board feet. 
It will be noted that increment in 
TasiLe 19.—Current annual net increment per acre by forest type. 
condition, and province, 1940 + 
Coastal Plain Piedmont Mountain 
—y | 
Lorest type | A x 
\ Seats Saw- | Cord- | Saw- | Cord- | Saw- | Cord- 
timber | wood | timber | wood } timber | wood 
stands |stands 2| stands |stands 2} stands |stands ? 
| 
Bd. ft. | Cords | Bd. ft. | Cords | Bd. ft. | Cords 
Loblolly pine_-_----.--__- BOTs si ON64 ele 262.l| Ons BP le eee se eee 
Shortleaf pine_-_-_--_--_-__ 197 . 80 176 . 60 53] 0.17 
Virginia pine-._-------__- 190 73 182 56 108 .29 
Gypress-cedar- === 2s iL DTD eyes ike | Setar weaa| Wey atta | Dye cen Sie | owen 
Upland hardwoods-_-____-_- 166 . 64 145 44 78 26 
Bottom-land hardwoods____| 251 38 183 bie ese [Easel 
Coveshard woods as ee | ees |e 240 | . 80 120 | 50 
TAT cess ihe ease ol een oe | ee [EO eal Ge oes leeet ate les e40 
| | 
All types.--=---_--- 2633|k 25625 |f 2 168) |S lily 284s eee 28 
1 Increment in cords includes wood and bark. 
2 Includes stands classed as reproduction. 
Under-sawlog-size stands are also reasonably pro- 
ductive. In the Coastal Plain, net increment per acre 
ranged from 0.8 cord of wood and bark in the short- 
45 
