386 Influence of Bacterial Endotoxins on Phagocytosis, ete. 
Experiment C of this series serves to show that, while the hemolytic 
complement was completely absorbed by the endotoxin, the degree of 
phagocytosis of the foreign organism was little altered. 
Specificity. 
In the experiment referred to below, the specific action of the endotoxin is 
clearly shown. We have already explained at the commencement of this 
paper that when the endotoxin and leucocytes are incubated together there is 
no reduction in the amount of phagocytic activity as occurs here. 
No. of No. of 
bacilli in non-phagocytic 
50 cells. cells. 
A. Serum saline "i leucocytes +B. Aehard Wreteccseeeccessess eect 328 1 
sb Eas CY PHOSUSG ee sano stes ets utente 132 4 
B. Serum ee extract + Eyenou ee SBS CA NEELS sss Sete cose 40 26 
m + B. typhosush....c.e. 176 5 
C. Serum typhoid extract + i ies +B. AChard © vei kien 155 6 
53 5 aitek - + B. typhosus ...c000..% 8) 50 
The specific nature of this reaction, even between such closely allied 
organisms as B. typhosus and Bb. Achard, is thus proved beyond question. 
Similar results were obtained with many other members of the typhoid-coli- 
paratyphoid family. Further, experiments were made to determine whether 
organisms of the same species, but derived from different sources, would yield 
an endotoxin with identical properties or not. 
In the following instance two strains of B. typhosus were used. One strain 
was isolated from a vall-bladder and has been frequently sub-cultured for the 
last four years, while the other was recently isolated from the blood of a 
patient suffering from typhoid fever :— 
No. of No. of 
bacilli in | non-phagocytic | 
50 cells. cells. ' 
A. Serum saline ; leucocytes + B. typhosus (bile) .........ceesee eee ees 219 1 
. +B. TY PHOSUS |. seinene suoclenine = «2 eee eye 126 5 
B. Serum typhoid extract : leucocytes + B. typhosus \bile) ......... 3 48 
+B. LY PHOSUS 2.05... bn. senaeee “a 46 
C. Serum typhoid (bile) Baan i‘ Peak + B. typhosus (bile) .. 5 ae 
+ B. typhosus.........06+ 
3” 3) ” 
It would thus appear that this method can be employed for the purpose of 
differentiating bacteria. Bacteria so closely related as the typhoid-paratyphoid 
roup can be separated, so that there is every prospect that this method may 
