1910. | Diseases of Domestic Animals in Uganda. 27 
THE CARRIER OF TRYPANOSOMA VIVAX. 
It was pointed out in a previous paper that, in laboratory experiments, 
Trypanosoma vivax readily develops in Glossina palpalis, and that this tsetse 
fly can convey the infection to healthy animals after a period of from 20 to 
30 days.* It.was also found that this fly is naturally infected with this 
trypanosome, and several animals became ill and died of this disease when 
freshly-caught Lake-shore flies were fed upon them.f The epidemic among 
the Government Transport oxen at Kampala also points to this fly being the 
earrier. As stated above, as lone as the cattle were kraaled at the Lake- 
shore and exposed to the bites of Glossina palpalis, so long did they suffer 
from Trypanosoma vivax infection. Afterwards, when stabled at Kampala, 
the fatality from this disease ceased. 
Although it must be confessed the evidence is rather scanty, what there is 
points to the Glossina palpalis as being a carrier, if not the chief carrier, of 
Trypanosoma vivax ; and there is no evidence at present to incriminate the 
Tabanids or Stomoxys. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
1. Trypanosoma vivax, an easily recognisable species, gives rise to a fatal 
disease of cattle in Uganda. , 
2. The carrier of Zrypanosoma vivax is probably Glossina palpalis, which is 
found naturally infected on the Lake-shore. 
3. The reservoir of the virus is possibly the antelope which frequent the 
Glossina palpalis area. 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 
PLATE 3. 
Figures for the comparison of Trypanosoma vivax, Uganda, 1909, Trypanosoma vivax, 
Uganda, 1903 (Pordage’s ox), and Trypanosoma vivax, Togoland, 1903. 
PuaTE 4. 
Trypanosoma vivax, tixed osmic acid, stained Giemsa. x2000. Note the large round 
terminal micronucleus; the broad, swollen anterior part filled with clear protoplasm, 
in which a hint of the alveolar structure is given; the nucleus situated in the narrowed 
part of the body ; the slightly developed undulating membrane ; and the free flagellum. 
PLATE 5. 
Fig. 1.—A group of Trypanosoma vivax after 5 days’ growth in blood-agar. Stained 
Giemsa. X 2000. 
Fig. 2.—7 rypanosoma vivax after 6 days’ growth. Stained Giemsa. x 2000. 
Figs. 3 and 4.—After 7 days’ growth. Stained Giemsa. x 2000. 
Figs. 5-9.—After 8 days’ growth. Stained Giemsa. x 2000. 
aeove soe. roc, 1910) b, wol. 82. 381. 
+ “Roy. Soc. Proc.,’ 1910, B, vol. 82, p. 63. 
