Harry Marshall Ward. lil 
re-infected. Morris had been transferred to another appointment in the 
West Indies and Ward’s duty was to take up the investigation. This he 
accomplished exhaustively. He showed that the fungus (Hemuileza vastatriz) 
was one of the Uredinee and that infection was produced by the wind-borne 
uredospores. Had the planters, as in Southern India, left forest belts between 
their plantations, the spores might have been filtered out and the disease 
controlled. As it was it spread like an unchecked conflagration. Ward 
also discovered the teleutospores; nothing has been added to our knowledge 
of its life-history beyond what he obtained. The result of his investigations 
was given in three official reports and in papers contributed in 1882 to the 
Linnean Society and the ‘ Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science.’ It was no 
blame to him that his work led to no practical result. The mischief admitted 
of no remedy. The coffee-planting industry of Ceylon was destroyed and the 
Oriental Bank succumbed in the general ruin. Leaf disease has now 
extended to every coffee-growing country in the Old World from Natal to Fiji. 
In a tropical country leaves supply a substratum to a little flora of their 
own, consisting of organisms partly algal, partly fungal, in their affinity. Ward, 
who had already developed his characteristic habit of never neglecting any 
point incidental to a research, carefully studied them, in order both to 
ascertain how far their presence affected the health of the leaf itself and to 
work out their life-history. The outcome was three important papers. One on 
Meliola, an obscure genus of tropical epiphyllous fungi, belonging to the 
Pyrenomycetes, was published in the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ in 1883. 
Bornet’s classical memoir published in 1851 had been the authority on the 
subject. Ward was able to fill up “large gaps in the knowledge of important 
details.” Another paper published in the ‘ Quarterly Journal of Microscopical 
Science’ in 1882 on an Asterina illuminates an allied organism. But the 
crown of all Ward’s Ceylon work was the splendid memoir on a Tropical 
Epiphylous Lichen which was published by the Linnean Society in 1883. 
In this he, I think, cleared up much that was obscure in the Mycoidea 
parasitica described by D. D. Cunningham. Having myself communicated 
the paper, I shall always remember the pleasure with which I undertook in 
Ward’s absence to give an account of it. He solved the problem with con- 
vincing completeness; he extended Schwendener’s lichen theory to a group of 
obscure epiphyllous organisms of which he afforded, for the first time, a 
rational explanation. The success with which this was accomplished placed 
him at once in the first rank of mycological investigators. 
De Bary was the leading authority on Uredinee; and in 1882 Ward paid 
a short visit to him at Strasburg to confer with him on his coffee disease 
work, the accuracy of which de Bary entirely confirmed. There he made 
the acquaintance of Elfving and completed his Meliola paper. 
The outlook for Ward was now precarious. Fortunately, I found myself 
sitting next to Sir Henry Roscoe at a Royal Society dinner, and I suggested 
that Ward, as an old student of Owens College, would be a fitting recipient 
of a Bishop Berkeley Fellowship for original research. Principal Greenwood 
