No. 463.] RESTORATION OF MEGACEROPS. 421 
The full dentition had been acquired, the teeth being somewhat 
worn, which would seem to indicate an animal in its prime. 
The titanothere measured about seven feet four inches in height 
to the withers and a little more than twelve feet in length. Its 
weight was probably between one and a half and two tons. 
The general proportions suggest the rhinoceros, though, 
while remarkably specialized as to dentition and the armament 
of the head; in other respects the titanothere is more primitive 
than any other perissodactyl, notably in the shorter back and in 
the structure of the fore foot. 
The limbs are stouter than in the rhinoceros, especially at the 
wrist and ankle, and the degree of angulation between the various 
segments is less, probably to withstand the greater bodily weight. 
The fore limb is remarkably robust, and the great roughenings 
on the various bones, notably the humerus and the olecranon 
process at the elbow imply enormous muscular power. The 
fore foot is four-toed and symmetrical, with the main axis lying 
between the third and fourth digits as in artiodactyls. The 
retention of the outer digit would seem to imply that the great 
weight of the head and shoulders necessitated strength rather 
than a modification for speed. In the extremely flexible though 
strong wrist and the immense olecranon process one sees indica- 
tions of a supple limb, a compromise between the pillar-like sup- 
porting limb of the elephant and one which would give its owner 
more agility in lying down or rising, or in charging its enemy. 
The hind limb departs from the rhinoceros type mainly in the 
straightness of the upper segment whose bone, the femur, is 
long, without a conspicuous third trochanter, and with its shaft 
flattened fore and aft in such a manner as to imply that the 
strain brought to bear upon it during life was in the direction ef 
its length. While the calcaneum is rather prominent, the limb 
must have been but little flexed at the ankle and almost straight 
when viewed from the rear; decidedly more elephantine than 
rhinoceros-like in general aspect. 
'The most notable feature of the trunk, aside from its relative 
shortness, is the great height of shoulder resulting from the 
elongated spines of the anterior dorsal vertebra, which have 
well roughened extremities for the attachment of the liga- 
