762 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. (VoL. XXXIX. 
out taking account of some historic data of invasions), that there 
exist among the Portuguese two dolichocephalic and three mesati- 
cephalic types of people. "Traz-os- Montes population represents one 
of the dolichocephalic types and that of Beira Alta the other. The 
population"of Minho has been modified by Celtic invasion. 
The whole article leaves much to be desired, if not criticised. 
The data are not always ample enough, even if admitted as homo- 
geneous. The conclusions, and there are many besides those 
mentioned above, lack a much needed, more-sided, individual corro- 
boration. Nor is the wording always careful enough; the definite 
term brachycephaly is employed loosely, and so is, to a certain 
extent, that of mesorhyny. 
A. H. 

BOTANY. 
Leaves of English Forest Trees! .— This volume forms the 
second in the author's series of works on forest trees. It is devoted 
to an extended treatment of the leaf from several standpoints. 
Part 1 of the book is general and concerns itself with the anatomy, 
morphology, and physiology of the leaf in an elementary way. The 
subjects of phyllotaxy and venation are given a brief, but lucid 
treatment. The relation of different forms of leaves to each other is 
explained by the aid of a few simple mathematical figures. The cell 
structure of the leaf is treated in a very popular, almost superficial 
manner. Part of this treatment is very good, but the author 
endeavors to make it plain by the introduction of dangerously broad 
analogies. n 
In describing the physiology of the leaf, the author carries his 
similies beyond all bounds of necessity or reason. In explaining 
the processes of metabolism, he attempts to make them realistic by 
describing the grotesque experiences of an imaginary “traveller ” in 
the tissue of the leaf. After reading the adventures of this traveller 
during the night, we have the following vivid account of his experi- 
ences during the time of day when photosynthesis is going on 
(p. 92): “In addition to the bombardments of the rushing molecules, 
our traveller in the Passages would also probably perceive violent 
1 Ward, H. Marshall, 
and the Laboratory. 
348 pp., illustrated, 
Trees. A Handbook of Forest-Botany for the Woodlands 
ol. II. Leaves. Cambridge University Press, 1904. 12m0, 
- 
