No. 468.] THE WILLOW CONE GALL. 873 
smaller Cecidomyiid larve, 5 saw fly larvze, 13 larve of Hymen- 
opterous parasites, and nearly 400 grasshopper eggs. Three 
1903 galls from same place contained 3 saw fly larvae and about 
125 grasshopper eggs. 
I can conclude with no more appropriate words than those 
which Walsh used in connection with another gall: *If this one 
little gall and the insect which produces it were swept out of 
existence, how the whole world of insects would be convulsed as 
by an earthquake! How many species would be compelled to 
resort for food to other sources, thereby grievously disarranging 
the due balance of insect life! How many would probably 
perish from off the face of the earth, or be greatly reduced in 
numbers! Yet to the eye of the common observer this gall is 
nothing but an unmeaning mass of leaves, of the origin and his- 
tory of which he knows nothing and cares nothing ! " 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
VON BERGENSTAMM, J. E., AND Löw, P. 
"76. Synopsis Cecidomyidarum. Verh. zoöl.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien, vol. 
26, pp. I-104. 
Cook, M. T. 
:03. Preliminary List of IRRE Insects Common to Indiana. 
Ohio State Naturalist, vol. 4, pp. 104-106. 
OSTEN SACKEN, C. R. 
'58. Catalogue of the Described Diptera of North America. Smitson- 
tan Misc. Coll., vol. 3, 112 pp. _ 
SPEISER, P. 
:03. Wie die jungen Weidenbäume den Angriff der Dichelomyia rosaria 
H. Lw. unshädlich machen. Allgem. Zeitschr. f. Entomol., vol. 8, 
pp. 204-206. 
WALSH, B. D. 
'64. On the Insects, Coleopterous, Hymenopterous, and Dipterous, 
Inhabiting the Galls of Certain Species of Willow. Proc. Phila. 
Entomol. Soc., vol. 3, Pp- 543-644, vol. 6, pp. 223-288. 
WarsH, B. D. 
'69. Galls and their Architects Amer. Entomol., vol. 2, pp. 45-50, 70- 
74, 103-106. 
