50 APPLES AND PEACHES IN THE OZARK REGION. 



family use during the winter must be held in farm cellars or pits. This statement 

 applies especially to the southern portion of the Ozarks, where the winter varieties 

 of the more northern sections, when grown, lack good keeping qualities. 

 Smith Cider. 



This variety originated in Bucks County, Pa., more than a century ago. It has 

 become widely distributed throughout the country, though in no section has it 

 become of great importance. It is found in many orchards in the Ozark region at 

 widely separated points. 



The tree makes a satisfactory growth, though it is inclined to be somewhat scraggy ; 

 it may be said to be productive in comparison with other varieties of recognized 

 commercial value. The fruit is medium to large, oblate conic, often somewhat 

 lopsided, though very variable in form and in some other characteristics; color 

 yellowish, striped and splashed with crimson; flesh white, satiny, subacid; quality 

 only good; season late fall and early winter. 



Though Smith Cider has some merit for this region, and has proved quite satis- 

 factory and profitable in a few instances where it is grown in commercial quantities, 

 it does not have positive characters sufficient to make it a leading variety. It might 

 be termed "indifferently good" for Ozark conditions. It is only moderately at- 

 tractive in appearance, only a little better than Ben Davis in quality; moreover, 

 the fruit is sometimes badly attacked by apple blotch. 

 Springdale. 



This variety is another Arkansas seedling. About 1890 it attracted considerable 

 attention in that State and it was predicted that it would eventually become an 

 important sort. It has been more or less disseminated in different sections of the 

 country but has failed to attain the prominence that was anticipated. It has attracted 

 little attention in the Ozark orchards. Probably the fact that it is no better in any 

 particular than a great many other well-known varieties and is inferior to numerous 

 sorts, accounts in a measure for its lack of popularity. The tree makes a good, 

 strong growth but is peculiarly susceptible to the attacks of a disease which pro- 

 duces characteristic knots or tumors on the trunk. 1 The fruit is of medium size 

 or above; color yellow, washed with mixed red and marked with splashes and broken 

 stripes of bright crimson; flesh yellowish, satiny, subacid; quality only good. 

 Stayman Winesap. 



This variety was produced by the late Dr. J. Stayman, of Leavenworth, Kans., 

 from seed selected from a choice collection of Winesap apples. These seeds were 

 planted in 1869. 2 During the past 12 or 15 years this variety has been widely dis- 

 seminated in middle latitudes and to a considerable extent on the Pacific coast and 

 throughout the Northwest. Few of the more recently introduced varieties are prov- 

 ing of as great value, both for home use and for commercial purposes, as is this one. 

 In the Ozark region, however, it has been given comparatively little attention, prob- 

 ably on account of the fact that the period of rapid extension of apple culture in this 

 region was largely past before it began to attract much attention from fruit growers. 



Trees of Stayman Winesap have been found in the Ozark region in only a very 

 small number of widely separated places. It therefore can not be said to have been 

 tested sufficiently to determine its real value for Ozark conditions. 



In one instance the tree appeared to be rather weak; in another case a tree 9 years 

 old had not produced much fruit, though the small quantity it had borne was very 

 pleasing to the owner. As the tree ordinarily is a good, strong grower, bears early, 



1 Apparently the disease described in Circular 3, entitled " Some Stem Tumors or Knots on Apple and 

 Quince Trees," Bureau of Plant Industry, 1908. 



2 For further historical information and detailed description of this variety, see Yearbook of the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture for 1902, p. 470. 



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