46 APPLES AND PEACHES IN THE OZAKK KEGION. 



lection of seedling trees which grew from seed that was brought from North Carolina, 

 about 1840, by a Mr. Cobla and planted on the Gasconade River, near Rolla, Mo. 

 The season following the one in which these seeds were planted, the seedling trees 

 were removed to the present Payne place near Everton. There were 336 of them. 

 One of these, when it bore, produced very late-keeping apples. 



In 1866 J. G. Payne and sisters bought the place on which this seedling apple or- 

 chard stood, taking possession the following year. In 1877 some of the apples from this 

 tree which produced late-keeping fruit were exhibited at the meeting of the Missouri 

 State Horticultural Society, held at Springfield, and at that meeting the name Payne's 

 Late Keeper was applied to it. 



The year following this exhibit, Mr. Payne had 100 trees propagated by John Warren, 

 who was located 5 miles northwest of Springfield. Sixteen of these were given away 

 by Mr. Payne; the others were planted on the Payne place. Fifty-six of these were 

 still living in June, 1910. The original tree died the year following the propagation 

 of this lot. 



It has not been widely planted in the Ozark region, though in a small number of 

 orchards it has been given considerable prominence. On the Payne place 226 acres 

 are devoted to it. 



The tree is said to be a poor grower in the nursery, but in the orchard it is usually 

 fairly vigorous and satisfactory in habit of growth, frequently holding its foliage well 

 when many sorts are showing much injury from leaf fungi. As a rule it produces 

 regular and abundant crops, though it is rather late, in some cases at least, in coming 

 into bearing. The fruit is less susceptible to the prevalent diseases of this region than 

 a great many varieties are. It is medium and above in size; under color yellow, 

 washed over entire surface with purplish crimson, and thin overspread of gray; flavor 

 sweet, rich, good to very good. In season it is one of the notably long-keeping varie- 

 ties of this region. Being a sweet apple, it is not likely to become as prominent as 

 would a mildly acid variety having otherwise similar characteristics, since the demand 

 for sweet apples is limited. So far as tested, it appears to be well adapted to Ozark 

 conditions. Where an apple having the qualities possessed by this one is desired, 

 it is worthy of consideration. 

 Pennsylvania Cider. 1 



The exact identity of this variety is uncertain and its history is obscure. It appears 

 to have been grown in Benton County, Ark., under this name for at least 60 or 70 

 years. The only use of this name, however, that has been made in American pomologi- 

 cal literature is as a synonym of Smith Cider, a very different apple. It is stated that 

 the variety in question is also known by some under the name Pennsylvania Red- 

 streak. But this name is used by the standard authors on pomological subjects only 

 as a synonym of Wine. As in the case of Smith Cider, Wine is a variety which could 

 not well be confused with the one in question. A Pennsylvania origin for this variety 

 is suggested by its name but thus far it has not been possible to trace it beyond north- 

 western Arkansas, where it is occasionally found and where it has been grown in a few 

 orchards for many years, as above indicated. It may be an old eastern variety, as 

 the name would suggest, which was taken to Arkansas long ago, meanwhile becoming 

 extinct in the East, or practically so, while it has been perpetuated to a limited extent 

 in the Ozark region. Or it may be of local origin and named "Pennsylvania Cider" 

 because of sentiment on the part of some one who became acquainted with it in its 

 early days. 



The tree is a fairly good grower, with no characteristics that are especially distinctive. 

 In the few orchards in which it has been observed it is proving moderately productive. 



i The variety listed as "Babcock No. 13" in Nomenclature of the Apple, Bulletin 56, Bureau of Plant 

 Industry, 1905, is undoubtedly this variety. It appears that the use of Babcock No. 13 as an approved 

 name is erroneous. 



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