34 APPLES AND PEACHES IN THE OZARK REGION. 



In general, the known historical points are about as follows: A tree of an unknown 

 variety is found bearing fruit having mostly Ben Davis characteristics but solid red 

 in color. The name being unknown, one is supplied — in most cases the name of the 

 man who owns the orchard. Perhaps the nursery from which the tree was obtained 

 is known, but if so, nothing further as to its source. The tree may have come from a 

 stock in the nursery which was not budded or grafted . or from one on which the bud 

 or graft failed to grow, or the bud or graft may have come from some Gano tree. No 

 one can say with certainty that it did not. But a new variety, at least a new name, 

 has been added to the list, and confusion has been multiplied because of the close 

 similarity of it to other varieties. 



The double origin of varieties, that is, of varieties which appear to be identical in 

 every essential particular, in widely separated places is not new in horticulture. The 

 very close similarity to Gano of authentic Ben Davis seedlings establishes the fact 

 that "double origin," from a practical standpoint at least, in the case of Ben Davis 

 seedlings, may be regarded as somewhat common; and it suggests the possibility, or 

 even probability, that Gano is a Ben Davis seedling. While the other varieties of 

 the Gano type above referred to may or may not have had separate seedling origin, 

 the fact still remains that in essential particulars they are so much like Gano that 

 they may be made to fill commercially about the same place. 

 Gilpin. Synonyms: Carthouse, Red Romanite. 



This variety is quite widely distributed in the Ozark region, but it is grown only in 

 small quantities. It is found in the older orchards oftener than in those which have 

 been planted in recent years and is usually referred to by one of its synonyms rather 

 than by its correct name. 



The tree grows well and in most orchards shows a fairly good producing habit, but 

 the fruit is considerably subject to bitter-rot and other fungous diseases. Its strongest 

 points of merit are its long-keeping qualities and its use for cider; the cider made 

 from it is considered of particularly high quality. 



Though fairly good fruit of this variety is produced in this region, it does not appear 

 to be particularly well adapted to the conditions and should probably not be recom- 

 mended for general planting. 

 Givens. Synonym: Arkansas Baptist. 



This variety originated as a chance seedling about 30 or 35 years ago on the farm of 

 Mr. John Givens, located 6 or 7 miles east of Gentry, Benton Co., Ark. 



The name Baptist or Arkansas Baptist was first applied to this variety because of the 

 fact that Mr. Givens was an ardent supporter of that denomination. It was afterwards 

 named Givens and is now seldom referred to by any other name. 



It was first propagated by Mr. H. Highfill, of Benton County, and is quite widely 

 distributed in northwestern Arkansas, where it has become of considerable importance. 

 It is not much grown in other sections of the Ozark region. 



The tree is a fairly strong, upright grower, with tendency to bear heavy and regular 

 crops. The fruit is medium, or above in size, rather highly colored when fully ripe, 

 and its season of maturity is late. It develops in both size and color considerably 

 after most of the other commercial varieties are nearly ready to harvest. Extensive 

 growers who require a long period of time in which to harvest their fruit, usually look 

 upon a succession in the " picking maturity" of their varieties as an important feature. 

 Givens is one of the most satisfactory sorts now being grown in this region with which 

 to extend the picking season. It is not of high dessert quality but better than many 

 other sorts which are much more extensively grown. Though rather subject to 

 bitter-rot, it is doubtless of sufficient value to warrant any attention to spraying that 

 may be necessary in order to control that disease. Some growers consider it one of 

 the best of the newer sorts, and it is probable that it might be grown profitably in this 

 region more extensively than it is at present. 

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