1876.] 



Gaseous State of Matter, 



457 



In the ordinary gaseous state the value of a' diverges widely at high 

 pressures from that of a, as will appear from the two following Tables. 

 In the first Table the values of aJ are referred to a unit pressure at 0°, 

 and p is the initial pressure in atmospheres. 



p. 



V (0°-6°-5). 



•' (0°-64°). 



*' (64°-100°). 



16-42 

 21-48 



25-87 

 30-37 

 33-53 



6-00537 



0-00588 



0-00734 



0-004754 

 0-005237 



0-005728 

 0-006357 

 0-006973 



0-004607 

 0-004966 

 0-005406 

 0-005861 

 0-006334 



In the next Table the value of a! between 64° and 100° referred to a 

 unit pressure at 64° is given for a large range of pressure. Both the 

 initial and final pressures are given. 



p- 



*' (64°-100°). 



p. 



« (64°-100°). 



21-42 

 24-19 



0-003526 



48-40 

 56-16 



0-004387 



28-65 

 32-60 



0-003718 



67*65 



80-99 



0-005392 



35-29 

 40-44 



0-003956 



94-27 

 118-60 



0-007018 



42-74 

 49-25 



0-004166 







As the general result of this investigation, it follows that in the ordi- 

 nary gaseous state the law of Gay-Lussac does not hold good, either in 

 the case of a or of a', and that the dilatation by heat of a body in the ordi- 

 nary gaseous state, whether measured by its expansion under constant pres- 

 sure or by the increase of elastic force under constant volume, is not a simple 

 function of the initial volume or initial elastic force, but a complex function 

 changing with the temperature. 



In the second part of the paper the general properties of the ordinary 

 gaseous state are considered. As the basis of this inquiry, the followiDg 

 Table of the compressibility of carbonic acid at 6°-5, 64°, and 100° is 

 given, in which e is the ratio of the observed volume of the carbonic acid 

 at the pressure p and temperature t' to its volume under one atmosphere 

 at the same temperature t' . 



VOL. XXIV. 



2 L 



