on board H.M.S. 'Challenger. 3 ~ 505 



137° 57' E. A red clay containing : — Much amorphous clayey 

 matter ; many small mineral particles of a white and black colour j 

 many Eadiolarian, Diatom, and Challengeria remains ; a few man- 

 ganese remains. 

 Sounding 253. 9th April, 1875. 2250 fathoms. Lat. 31° 8' N„ long. 

 137° 8' E. A blue mud with reddish upper layer, containing : — 

 Much amorphous blue clayey matter ; many fine and a few rather 

 coarse mineral particles ; many remains of Challengeria, Eadiolaria, 

 and Diatoms ; two pieces of pelagic Eoraminifera noticed. 



Japan. 



Sounding 254. 12th May, 1875. 345 fathoms. Hyalonema-groimd. 

 A green mud containing : — Much amorphous clayey matter ; many 

 mineral particles of a green, white, and black colour ; a few pelagic 

 and other Foraminifera ; Coccoliths and broken pieces of Pteropods 

 and other shells ; a good many Diatom and Eadiolarian remains ; a 

 few casts of Forarainii'era of a pale green colour. 



Inland Sea, Japan. 19th to 31st May, 1875. 8 to 20 fathoms. Sound- 

 ings and dredgings in the Inland Sea, Japan, gave always a blue 

 mud containing : — Amorphous clayey matter ; many mineral par- 

 ticles — mica, quartz, red and green minerals ; broken pieces of large 

 Gasteropods and Lamellibranch shells ; spines of Echini, valves of 

 Cypridina, and shore forms of Foraminifera. 

 Shells or tests of pelagic Forarainifera, Pteropods, and Polycystina 



were apparently wanting in these bottoms. 



Sounding 255. 3rd June, 1875. 2675 fathoms. Lat. 32° 31' N., 

 long. 135° 39 f E. A blue mud with red upper layer containing : — 

 Much amorphous blue clayey matter ; many fine mineral particles — 

 mica, pumice, &c. ; very many Diatom, Challengeria, and Eadiolarian 

 remains ; two shore forms of Eoraminifera noticed ; no pelagic 

 Foraminifera. 



Sounding 256. 4th June, 1875. 565 fathoms. Lat. 34° 7' N., long. 



138° 0' E. A small quantity came up which indicated a green mud 



containing : — Amorphous matter ; many mineral particles ; a good 



many pelagic Foraminifera ; a few Diatoms. 



A good many dark and light green coloured casts of the Foraminifera 



remained after treatment with acid. The trawl brought up some pumice- 

 stones. 



Sounding 257. 5th June, 1875. 775 fathoms. Lat. 34° 58' N., long. 



139° 30' E. A green mud containing : — Many sandy particles of a 



white, green, and black colour ; pelagic and other Foraminifera ; 



Diatoms and Eadiolaria. 



A great many green internal casts of the Foraminifera ; in the trawl 



were many hardened pieces of the bottom, volcanic pebbles, &c. 



