on board H.M.S. c Challenger. 3 509 



Sounding 282. 12th August, 1875. 2050 fathoms. Lat. 20° 18' K, long. 

 157° 13' "W. A trace of bottom came up on the tube, which indi- 

 cated a grey clay containing : — Amorphous clayey matter ; many 

 remains of Eadiolaria and Diatoms ; one or two pelagic Foramini- 

 fera and their broken parts. 



Sounding 283. 20th August, 1875. 2875 fathoms. Lat. 19° 10' N., 

 long. 154° 12' W. A grey mud or sand containing chiefly : — 

 Volcanic sand and pumice ; these mineral particles were of a green 

 colour, like the areolar lava and Pele's hair at Kilauea Hawaii, also 

 some olivine and black particles ; a great many Eadiolaria, Clial- 

 lengeria, and Diatom remains ; very little amorphous clayey matter. 



Sounding 284. 21st August, 1875. 2650 fathoms. Lat. 17° 33' K, 

 long. 153° 36' W. A grey mud containing chiefly : — The debris of 

 volcanic rock in a finer state of division than yesterday ; a great 

 many Eadiolarian and Diatom remains ; rather more amorphous 

 clayey matter than yesterday. 



Sounding 285. 23rd August, 1875. 3000 fathoms. Lat. 14° 19' N., 

 long. 152° 37' W. A red clay containing : — Much amorphous 

 matter ; very many fine mineral particles, red and yellow or green 

 colour ; a few Eadiolarian and Diatom remains ; a good many man- 

 ganese particles. 

 Several manganese nodules came up in the trawl; these were more 

 angular than usual and appear to have been formed on hardened portions 

 of the bottom ; some had a cherty-like nucleus with concentric coloured 

 layers as in agate. There were some hardened pieces of bottom also in 

 the trawl, some with just a slight coating of manganese, others perforated 

 in various directions by worm-tracks. 



Sounding 286. 25th August, 1875. 2900 fathoms. Lat. 12° 42' NV, 

 long. 152° 1' W. A red clay containing : — Much amorphous clayey 

 matter ; many very fine white mineral particles ; a great many 

 remains of Eadiolaria, Diatoms, and ChaTlengeria ; a few manganese 

 grains. 

 The dredge brought up much mud. In the washings were several 



pieces of pumice about the size of peas. One manganese nodule the size 



of a marble; three or four large Pulvinulinas. Over a third of the 



bottom made up of siliceous remains. 



Sounding 287. 26th August, 1875. 2750 fathoms. Lat. 11° 11' N., 

 long. 152° 2' W. A Eadiolarian ooze of a brown colour contain- 

 ing : — Immense numbers of Eadiolarians, Diatoms, and some Chal- 

 lengeria remains ; some amorphous clayey matter ; a few small 

 white and some red-coloured mineral particles ; a few manganese 

 particles. 

 There were some yellow-coloured spots in the bottom, but it was 



