observed during the Cruise of H. M.S. ' Challenger. 9 591 



up by the dredge during the whole time o£ our stay in Kerguelen, where 

 dredging has been effected at least in seven different places. This was 

 a small Mysid with petaliform plates instead of eyes, allied to the 

 larger species which was brought up from the deep sea. It has a length 

 of 12 millims., and was not rare, as numerous males and females with 

 young ones in their pouch were found in the mud. The females have 

 got (as all Mysids have) two pairs of large breeding-lamellae, which form 

 a pouch for the reception of the young. 



Possibly this Mysid genus is already described by Sars, who has esta- 

 blished several genera, the descriptions of which are unfortunately not on 

 board. 



These are the Crustacea of the shallow water near Kerguelen — all 

 belonging to the lower divisions, whose breeding-lamellae form a pouch 

 for the reception of the young. The only Decapod among them is (which 

 is very remarkable) an animal in which the pouch is not wanting ; so 

 that it seems that in the shallow water near the Antarctic Islands higher 

 Crustacea have not been able to find those conditions which are necessary for 

 their development. The Echinoderms which have found the same diffi- 

 culties have partly overcome them, by being represented here, especially 

 by forms which have no metamorphosis, and in which the young ones 

 find protection with the mother. The Crustacea (with only one excep- 

 tion, the Brachyurous crab in the pools) which develop with free-living 

 larval stages have not been able to resist influences which seem to be 

 especially hostile to the larval stages of these groups. In the deep sea, 

 however, as well as on the surface of the ocean, we find higher and lower 

 Crustacea distributed in the same way as they are in other regions of our 

 globe. 



Between Kerguelen and Heard Island we dredged in 150 fathoms, but 

 got only a Scaljoellum, an Arcticrus, and a spiny Amphipod, which is the 

 corresponding form to the Gammarus loricatus of the north. Near Heard 

 Island, in 75 fathoms, we found the same animal and a Sjohceroma, but no 

 other crustacean at all. 



Near the ice-barrier in the South we had three deep-sea hauls in 1260, 

 1675, and 1975 fathoms, but got only very few Crustacea, a spiny Isopod, 

 the Munopsid which has been mentioned before, and a large Serolis (in 

 1975 fathoms), which has been figured by Mr. Wild, and which we pro- 

 pose to call T. Bromley ana, in honour of Mr. Bromley, Lieutenant in 

 H.M.S. ' Challenger,' who has been many a time in charge of the deep- 

 sea dredgings. The males of this species have a length of 54, the females 

 of 46 millims. ; and both sexes are distinguished by a fine blue colour, 

 with a red spot extending over the midst of the body and the eyes. The 

 lateral segments of the pereion are terminated in long spines, which 

 are directed backwards, and attain in the male the length of 59 millims. 

 and 43 millims. in the female. 



On our way from the ice-barrier to Melbourne four successful hauls were 

 vol. xxi v. 2 u 



