he was acquainted. In his science and in the many sided relations of 

 his life he had no enemy, no opponent. To live in peace and friendship, 

 which is often difficult for the best, was to him inevitable. As his own 

 efforts were always directed to truth and goodness, he assumed the same 

 to be the case with others. In their efforts he saw nothing but good. 

 When the deeds or words of others failed to meet his approbation, he 

 could not suppose there was a dishonourable motive for their conduct. 

 This explains the fact that those who lived at variance with one another 

 united in respecting him. On the 11th of July, 1873, he gave a lecture. 

 Notwithstanding great weakness he wrote a long scientific letter in the 

 evening, and concluded with the words, "Best will do us good : we will 

 go again to our old quarters at Friedrichshafen ; would we were there f 

 Scarcely had he ended the letter when he was attacked by a fit of shiver- 

 ing, an indication of an inflammation of the lungs, which in less than 

 four days, on the 15th of July, closed his life, in the 76th year of his 

 age. 



Gustav Eose took an active part in the foundation of the " Deutsche 

 Geologische" Society, of which he was President from the year 1863 

 until his death ; and almost every volume of the ' Zeitschrift ' of that 

 Society contains papers by him. Besides his works, ' Mineralogisck- 

 geognostische Beise nach dem Ural dem Altai und dem Kaspischen 

 Meere' (of which the first volume appeared in 1837 and the second in 

 1842, the result of his observations in those regions), his ' Elemente der 

 Krystallographie,' and his * Krystallochemische Mineralsystem ,' he was the 

 author of numerous papers published in Gilbert's and in Poggendorff's 

 ' Annalen,' in the ' Abhandlungen ' of the Berliner Akademie der Wissen- 

 schaften, and other periodicals. 



Cheistophee Hansteen was born at Christiania on the 26th September, 

 1784. He attended the Cathedral school of that city ; and in the year 

 1802 he entered the University of Copenhagen, where he studied first 

 law and afterwards mathematics. In 1806 he became a teacher of 

 Mathematics in the Gymnasium of Frederick sburg in Zealand. It was 

 in the year 1807 that he began to take an interest in terrestrial magne- 

 tism ; and in 1812 he obtained the prize from the Boyal Danish Academy 

 of Sciences for his answer to the following question : — " Is it necessary, 

 in order to explain facts in the earth's magnetism, to suppose more than 

 one magnetic axis in the earth ? " 



In the year 1814 he was appointed to the chair of Astronomy and 

 Applied Mathematics in the University of Christiania, founded by 

 Frederick IV. of Norway. 



In 1819 he published, at the expense of the King, his greatest work, 

 1 Untersuchungen iiber den Magnetismus der Erde,' in a quarto volume 

 of 650 pages. It was illustrated with copper plates and an Atlas of 

 magnetic charts, and also contained an abstract of the history of the 



