542 Dr. E. P. Cathcart and Mr. J. B. Leathes. [June 22, 



pointed, though less clearly, to the same conclusions as we think may be 

 drawn from this one. 



A diet was taken by the subject of the experiment (E. P. C.) which 

 consisted of 2 quarts of milk (2*28 L.), 12 ozs. of bread (360 grammes), 

 4 ozs. of cheese (120 grammes), and 2 ozs. of butter (60 grammes). This 

 was distributed equally over six identical meals taken every three hours 

 from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. 



The urine was collected immediately before each meal, and in each 

 sample the total nitrogen (Kjeldahl), the creatinine (Folin), the uric acid 

 (Folin), and tjie phosphoric acid (by titration with uranium acetate) was 

 estimated, and the hourly rate of output calculated for each period of the 

 day. The diet was taken from May 17 till June 4. On the first two days 

 the urine was collected for 24 hours and mixed before analysis. 



On the eighth day of the diet, May 24, two and three-quarter hours were 

 spent stripped at a swimming bath. For the greater part of this time the 

 subject of the experiment stood about, and entered the water only from 

 time to time as the skin became dry, the object being to lose heat with as 

 little compensatory production of heat by voluntary exertion of the muscles 

 as possible. The rectal temperature was reduced in this way from 100 o, 8, 

 at 2.50 P.M. immediately after undressing and after the 10 minutes' walk to 

 the bath, to 97°'7 just before dressing again at 5.30. The reading at 4 P.M. 

 was 98°'8, and at 5 p.m. 98°. The temperature of the water was 71°, and 

 that of the air 64°. At fairly frequent intervals spasmodic attacks of 

 shivering came on, but these were not so severe as in a " rigor." Although 

 the body temperature fell 3° F., the greater part of this fall would have 

 occurred even with clothing, as the observations taken every three hours 

 throughout the whole experiment showed that a rectal temperature of 98°'8, 

 or even slightly less, was normal for this time of day on abstaining from 

 muscular activity. The body temperature, therefore, fell barely a degree 

 beyond the normal range of variations, and the regulating function was not 

 seriously overtaxed. This was the result aimed at, as a previous experiment 

 had shown that a more severe and rapid removal of body heat introduced 

 disturbing factors and gave a different result. 



The effect on the output of uric acid was to increase it more than 80 per 

 cent, in comparison with the mean of the four preceding days. The figures 

 observed are given in Column C of Table I appended. 



Three days later, May 27, the exposure to cold was repeated, only with 

 this difference that active muscular exertions were introduced. The subject 

 was stripped for two and three-quarter hours and kept his skin wet by 

 repeated immersion in, and sponging with, cold water, T.° 59 to 60. In 



