No. 421.] NOTES AND LITERATURE. 71 
The life cycle of the gregarines has been studied by Cuénot 
(Arch. Biol, Vol. XVII, p. 581). He finds that the conjugation of 
the sporoblasts is a regular feature of the encysted condition. 
Shipley has given (Quart. Journ. Mier. Sci., Vol. XLIV, p. 281) 
an account of the structure of Syndesmus echinorum, an imperfectly 
known turbellarian which parasitizes in the sea urchin. 
Loxosoma davenporti, which is described by Nickerson (Journ. of 
Morph., Vol. XVII, p. 351), is the first representative of this genus 
to be recorded from this continent. 
Klunzinger has published (Stuttgart, 1901) a valuable discussion 
on the physical, chemical, and biological causes of color in bodies 
of fresh water. 
Elrod has published (Zrans. Amer. Micr. Soc., Vol. XXII, 1901) 
an extended account of the work done at the Montana Biological 
Station, Flathead Lake, during 1899. The paper gives a full 
description of the region, and lists of some collections made at 
different points, with a few striking features in the distribution of 
such forms as have been studied. The nine plates are good illus- 
trations of the general appearance of the region. 
Fordyce has worked up (Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc., Vol. XXII, 
19o1) the Cladocera of Nebraska. The paper gives a valuable sum- 
mary of our knowledge of the distribution of these forms in the 
United States, and a discussion of the conditions in the plains 
region, and then records important notes on the vertical distribution 
of species in small lakes. In all, twenty-six species were found, of 
which five — Macrothrix tenuicornis, Dunhevedia setiger, Bosmina 
obtusirostris, Daphnia curvirostris, and Chydorus rugulosus — are 
rare in the United States; Pleuroxus truncatus has not yet been 
recorded elsewhere from this country; and three — Daphnia par- 
vula, Bosmina ornamenta, and Leydigia fimbriata — are new to sci- 
ence; descriptions and figures are given for these and the rarer 
forms. S i 
There has been received through the courtesy of Dr. Mitsukuri a 
copy of a work entitled * Classified Catalogue of the Specimens of 
Vertebrates in the Collections of Kiyoiku Hakubutsukuan (Educa- 
tional Museum)," published in Tokyo in 1881 by Motokichi Namiye, 
| now curator in the Imperial University of Tokyo. The work is espe- 
"cially interesting as the earliest contribution of the Japanese (known 
to me) to the systematic zoólogy of their country. It gives a list of 

