No. 428.] NOTES AND LITERATURE. 675 
commonly use the word Zeide in the sense of a wood, Graebner 
agrees with classic English usage in employing it for the open bushy 
formations characterized by Erica, Calluna, Empetrum, Juniper, etc. 
Professor Selby, in the Buletin of fhe Torrey Botanical Club for 
December, records another series of experiments with seeds sub- 
jected to the low temperature of liquid air, with the customary result 
that their viability appears not to be affected by even a forty-eight 
hours' sojourn at a temperature of — 190* C. 
Dr. Goodale has a short note in the American Journal of Science 
for February on the memorial greenhouses at the Harvard Botanic 
Gardens and some of the physiological work being done in them. 
The effects of water and of certain aqueous solutions on foliage 
are discussed by J. B. Dandeno in a lengthy and well-illustrated 
paper, reprinted from Vol. VII of the Zransactions of the Canadian 
Institute. 
The mapping of botanical data is discussed by Blanc in the Bule- 
tin de l Herbier Boissier of December ši: 
A practical little handbook of greenhouse methods, that should be 
in possession of every “ nature-study " teacher, is Green and Mackin- 
tosh’s Outline of greenhouse laboratory work, issued as Class Bulletin 
Vo. 12 of the Experiment Station of the University of Minnesota. 
A paper by Mr. Chesnut on plants used by the Indians of Men- 
docino County, Cal., constitutes No. 3 of Vol. VII of Contributions 
Jrom the U. S. National Herbarium, and contains numerous illus- 
trations. 
Lieferung VI of the new edition of Wiesner’s Rohstoffe des 
LYlanzenreiches, issued in December, begins a consideration of 
€conomic woods and contains numerous illustrations of structural 
detail. 
Vegetable powders and the means of knowing their composition 
by aid of the microscope are being treated by Greenish and Collin 
in current numbers of the Pharmaceutical Journal. 
M. de Wildeman has recently distributed an account of late- 
Producing Apocynacez, collected in the Congo country by Gentil. 
The cause of white-topped meadow grasses in Finland is discussed 
by Reuter in Vol. XIX of Acta societatis pro fauna et flora fennica, and 
a bibliography of the subject is given. 
