No. 431.] STAGES IN PLANT GROWTH. 867 
would probably not repeat all of the stages given here, but the 
majority of them. The data here being fairly complete will be 
referred to again later. 
Chelidonium majus L. (Celandine). 
Seedlings of this plant were found at Arlington Heights in 
May, among the adult plants, and afforded a very convenient 
opportunity to study the relations of the two. 
The leaves of the seedling after the cotyledons are developed 
as follows (Pl. II, Figs. 1, 2): First leaf usually slightly tri- 
lobed and trinerved; second leaf usually decidedly five-lobed 
and five-nerved ; the third leaf is decidedly trilobed, with the 
median lobe notched, lateral ones entire or with one notch. 
From the third on, the trilobed character persists for a short 
period, the leaves becoming, later, three-pinnate, five-pinnate, 
and so on. 
In comparing this with the first leaves of the adult plant 
when it starts from the ground in the spring, a striking like- 
ness is at once noted. In the plant shown in PI. II, Fig. 3, the 
first leaf is exactly comparable to the second leaf of the seed- 
ling, and the second to the third of the seedling. The 
third leaf is like the three-parted one of the seedling, the 
fourth similar. The fifth is five-pinnate, and so on. In all 
cases where the first formed leaves were found on the plant, 
these comparisons were found to be true. It was especially 
noticeable in the plants found at Arlington Heights, which 
were on a sloping gravel bank with poorer nourishment than 
in other cases noticed in Cambridge. In this plant the early 
development in spring growth representing localized stages, 
and in the seedling representing direct development, not only 
show great similarity but may be exactly compared stage by 
stage. 
Aquilegia canadensis L. (Wild Columbine). 
The seedlings of this plant have the first nepionic leaves typi- 
cally trifoliolate, with the terminal leaflet having two well-marked 
notches and each of the lateral leaflets one less-marked notch 

