NOTES AND LITERATURE. 
ZOOLOGY. 
Beddard's ‘‘ Mammalia.” !— Through the publication of this 
excellent manual of the class Mammalia Mr. Beddard has placed the 
general student under lasting obligations. The subject could hardly 
be more judiciously treated in the limited space of a single con- 
venient volume of six hundred pages. In scope and general char- 
acter it occupies nearly the same field as Flower and Lydekker's 
An Introduction to the Study of Mammals, Living and Extinct, pub- 
lished in 1891, and now necessarily in some respects a little out of 
date. The two works are, however, naturally constructed on practically 
the same plan. 
The “ Scheme of Classification ” (pp. ix-xii) recognizes only two 
subclasses, the Prototheria (Allotheria, Marsh; Multituberculata, 
Cope), including the echidnas and the duckbill, and the Eutheria, 
comprising all the other members of the class. These latter are 
divided among the following thirteen orders: . 
Marsupialia, Creodonta, 
Edentata, Rodentia, 
Ganodonta, Tillodontia, 
Ungulata, Insectivora, 
Sirenia, Chiroptera, 
Cetacea, Primates. 
Carnivora, 
The orders are further subdivided into 28 suborders (of which six 
are extinct) and 109 families. The number of species is stated to be 
3000, but this is obviously far too low an estimate, even for the 
existing species. Trouessart, in his Catalogus Mammalium (1897, 
1898), listed upward of 7300, and hundreds have since been added. 
Doubtless 8000 to 10,000 species would not be too high an estimate 
for both fossil and recent. 
1 Beddard, F. E. Mammalia. The Cambridge Natural History, vol. x. 
London, Macmillan, 1902. 8vo, xii + 605 pp» 285 
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