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many cases, the task of increasing the number of 
desirable trees, either by planting or by natural means, 
involves, first of all, a removal of the cull trees. 
CHANGES IN FOREST CONDITIONS, 1936-47 
A comparison of the findings of the 1947 survey 
with those of 1936 provides an insight into some of the 
changes taking place in forest conditions. Some changes 
constitute improvements, while others are in the nature 
of further deterioration of stand productivity. 
Stocking Increases 
In spite of the 5-percent decrease in total volume of 
sound trees 5.0 inches and larger in the 12-year period, 
the basal area of all sound trees 1.0 inch and larger 
increased by 15 percent. While the increase was pro- 
portionately greater in the sapling-size trees (fig. 35), 
it was by no means confined to this class of timber. 
With the exception of reductions in saw timber and 
hardwood pole timber in the southern Coastal Plain, 
all classes of timber throughout the State showed 
increases in basal area. 
With 11 percent more forest land, a greater basal 
area of sapling-size trees was to be expected and the 
34-percent increase contributed significantly to the basal 
Not all the 
area. increase can be attributed to the 
28 Forest Resource Report No. 3, U. S. Department of Agriculture | 
SLLLLLLLEL 
SILESIA LS 
FiGuRE 34.— Cords of hard- 
wood culls per acre of com- 
mercial forest land, 1947. 
. $442 
YLIPELILS. 
OU 
SCALE Im MILES 
° fo 20 
greater forest area, since softwoods, which characteris- 
tically invade abandoned lands, increased by only 26 
percent, as compared to 42 percent for hardwoods. The 
better supply of hardwood saplings appears to be due 
to their vigorous invasion of hardwood and pine stands 
—a partial result of improved fire protection. 
Only in the southern Coastal Plain has the decline 
in basal area paralleled the decline in volume. Here, 
the 29-percent reduction in pine saw-timber volume 
SIZE CLASS 
AND 
SPECIES GROUP 
SAW TIMBER 
SOFTWOODS 
BASAL AREA 
HARDWOODS TY 
POLE TIMBER 
SOFTWOODS 
Ee SE 
HARDWOODS WILLE 
SAPLINGS Bars 
SOFTWOODS 
Sa 
ie) 50 
WM: 
20 30 
PERCENT 
HARDWOODS 


FIGURE 35.— Percent increase in basal area by size of timber 
and species group, 1936 to 1947. 

| 
