32 John Eliot — On the occasional Inversion of the Temperature [No. 1, 



The Chakrata observations at this period, it should be noted, were 

 apparently vitiated by large occasional errors, but in examining their 

 figures it should be taken into consideration that the only stormy weather 

 which influenced Chakrata was that of the 30th and 31st. 



The following table gives similar data for the adjacent plain stations. 





Ludhiana. 



Rawalpindi. 



Roorkee. 



Date. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Maximum 



Minimum. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



11th 

 13th 

 23rd 



24th 

 30th 

 31st 



+ 21° 

 -0-4° 

 -16° 



-7-0° 

 - 4-2° 

 -6 3° 



+ 2-6° 

 + 4-1° 



+ 7'4° 



+ 0-6° 



+ 10'3° 



+ 0'4° 



+ 6-6° 

 -2 1° 

 -1-1° 

 + 5-2° 

 -9-4° 

 -8-2° 



+ 6 0° 

 -3 6° 



+ 5-8° 

 -2-4° 

 + 7-2° 

 + 60° 



+ 0-7° 

 + 2-1° 

 + 6-7° 

 -4'4° 

 -7 5° 

 -11-1° 



+ 11-4° 

 + 10-0° 

 + 13-7° 

 + 5-0° 

 + 10-2° 

 - 0-3° 



Mean. 



-2-9° 



+ 4'2° 



-15° 



+ 33° 



-2-3° 



+ 8'3° 



These data shew that at the plain stations the range of temperature 

 was diminished not only by decreased day temperature but also by in- 

 creased night temperature to an equal or greater amount. Hence dur- 

 ing these storms the temperature was reduced at the hill stations through- 

 out, whereas at the plain stations it was raised at night by amounts nearly 

 equal to the decrease in the daytime, and there was practically no altera- 

 tion in the daily range at the hill stations, whereas it was largely 

 reduced at the plain stations. 



It hence follows that the temperature relations which obtain during 

 stormy weather accompanied with snow in the hills and rain showers in 

 the plains are : — 



1st. Diminished temperature throughout the whole day at the hill 

 stations and hence the maximum and minimum temperatures 

 are reduced below the normal by nearly equal amounts and the 

 daily range of temperature is only slightly affected. 

 2nd. At the plain stations temperature is below the normal to a 

 moderate extent in the day, and is considerably above it at 

 night, and hence the daily range of temperature is very con- 

 siderably reduced. 

 3rd. In consequence of the decreased night temperature at the 

 hill stations and increased night temperature at the plain 

 stations, the differences of the minimum temperature at hill 

 stations and adjacent plain stations are then exaggerated and 

 are occasionally 10° to 15° greater than the average differences. 

 The third type of temperature relations which obtain in the cold 



