224 L. A. Waddell — On some new and little known [No. 3, 



Ces caracteres suffisent pour distinguer ces deux especes de la notre 

 independamment de la taille. 



XII. — On some new and little known Sot Springs in South Bihar. — By 

 L. A. Waddell, M. B., Indian Medical Service. 



In the southern portion of Bihar, amongst the hills — a Gangetic 

 prolongation of the great Vindhaya range — forming the natural boun- 

 dary between Bihar and Deltaic Bengal, are numerous hot springs, 

 several of which have already been described in more or less detail. 

 Others again, situated in wild and almost inaccessible localities, have 

 merely been mentioned by name, on casual hearsay report, the exact 

 sites and other particulars remaining undetermined, while some have 

 altogether escaped notice. The present paper deals mainly with those 

 falling under the last two categories. 



Of the hot springs here described nine do not appear at all in Mr. 

 Oldham's descriptive List of Indian Hot Springs, published in 1882,* 

 which is now the locus classicus on this subject ; but Mr. Oldham had 

 omitted from his list one of these hot springs which had long ago been 

 recorded by Dr. Buchanan in his Survey of Bihar. f 



For brevity as well as contrast, I present the observations as far as 

 possible in tabular form. The springs belong to two natural series, 

 viz., (a) those (Nos. L to 8) situated along the southern flank. of the 

 hill-range of the Santal Parganas, and (Z>) those (Nos. 9 to 15) situated 

 in the Mungir (Monghyr) district among the so-called Kharagpur hills. 

 I may state that the elevations were ascertained by hypsometrical ob- 

 servations, while the latitude and longitude were obtained by carefully 

 fixing the position of the spring with reference to the surrounding 

 villages on the large scaled (4 miles to the inch) Survey of India 

 map. J The temperatures are recorded in degrees of the Fahrenheit 

 scale. The thermometer used for the temperature of the spring- water 

 had recently been compared with a standard thermometer. The names 

 of the springs and adjoining villages have been spelt according to their 

 local pronunciation. 



* Thermal Springs of India, by the late T. Oldham, LL. D., F. E. S., &o. 

 Edited, by E. D. Oldham. Memoir Geolog. Snrv. of India, Vol. XIX, pt. 2, Calcutta, 

 1882. 



t Eastern India, II, 197. Most of the details regarding the Bihar hot springs 

 quoted by Dr. Oldham as from Captn. Sherwill's Report (J. A. S. B., XXI), had 

 already been recorded by Dr. Buchanan. 



% The correction of — l'"21" for longitude noted on the map was not taken into 

 count. 



