230 L. A. Waddell — On some new and little known [No. 3, 



to distinguish it from ' the great ' Nunbil already described. The 

 outflow is scanty and there are no sensible sulphuretted fumes. 



Singhi Bikh tatal pdni, or the ' hot water (at the shrine) of Rishi 

 Singhi,' is a copious hot spring in a gorge among the Singhoul hills. 

 It issues in 6 or 7 places from below a high cliff of quartzite and at once 

 forms a considerable stream which lower down is called Dahina dah by 

 the Kora hillmen. No sulphuretted smell is perceptible. The water is 

 drunk. A temple to Mahadeva and a leund for bathing have been 

 erected at this highly picturesque site — which is a favourite place of 

 pilgrimage, especially on the Sib-ratri festival in February. 



Pdnch-bMir, or the ' five chinks or clefts,' is a spring which emerges 

 in five streamlets amidst masses of quartzite rock, from a small hill about 

 3 miles east of the highland village of Kachu. The water is heard 

 flowing for some distance underneath the decomposed quartzite. On 

 coming to the surface it has a temperature of only 84 - 5° F. 



The Tatal-pani, or 'hot water,' spring of Bhimbhand, are well 

 characterized by Dr. Buchanan* as " by far the finest in the district." 

 The highest temperature recorded by Dr. Buchanan circa 1809 was 

 150° F. ; Sherwill in 1854 found it 147°. In January of this year 

 the highest temperature found by me was 146'2° F. The water can be 

 heard flowing under the masses of qnartzite debris, so that the tempera- 

 ture a few feet further in would be doubtless higher. A very faint 

 sulphuretted smell is perceptible and in the stream-bed is a slight 

 deposit of light yellowish flaky material — this formed such a thin coat- 

 ing over the stones and confervoid growth, that I could not obtain a 

 pure sample of it. Dr. Buchanan calls it ' siliceous tufa ' — he found it 

 did not effervesce with nitric acid. It appeared to me to be sulphurous. 

 No blackening of a silver coin occurred after immersion for 5 minutes. 



Sita-kund, or ' Sita's well ' or pond, where according to the legend 

 Sita bathed after passing through the fiery ordeal, and so imparted to 

 the water the heat she had absorbed from the fire, is a not uncommon 

 name for hot springs in India. This particular one near Mungir is well- 

 known, and only figures in this list in order to exhibit my observations 

 on its temperature, &c. 



The garm-pani, or ' hot water,' of Barde village is practically a 

 branch of the above-noted Sita-lcund hot spring. It is found on the 

 bank of apondinthe Moslem village of Barde, about 300 yards N. W. from 

 Sita-kund. In January it had exactly the same temperature as Sita- 

 kund, viz., 137° F. Owing to its unholy situation it is not worshipped ; 

 and is only visible as a surface spring in autumn and winter; in 



* Loc. cit., p. 200. 



