

1905.] «fected with Various Forms of Trypanosomes. 241 
Donkey inoculated with mule trypanosomes. In this case the central 
“nervous system yielded no positive results. | 
Monkeys inoculated with different varieties of trypanosomes (including four 
certain cases of Sleeping Sickness), of which eight brains have been examined. 
The animals lived for varying periods, from a month or two to over one year. 
As the results were negative, I shall not give any particulars here. 
The most obvious change found was the empty condition of the small blood 
vessels and chromolytic changes in the nerve cells. There was no peri- 
vascular cell-infiltration and no meningitis. The tissues of some of them 
showed diplococci. 
In one case of Sleeping Sickness (Zurura Mya), a chronic case in which 
trypanosomes were found in the cerebro-spinal fluid during life without 
centrifuging, I was unable to find any perfect trypanosomes in sections of the 
central nervous system, but I found numbers of bodies which I thought 
might be altered forms, or fragments of degenerated trypanosomes and 
chromatin bodies, especially in the chronic inflammatory exudation of the 
subarachnoid space. Moreover, small capillaries could be found ruptured in 
the neighbourhood. This fact I have observed in other chronic cases, and 
suggests the possible mode of infection by trypanosomes of the cerebro-spinal 
fluid in the subarachnoid space. 
I have had the opportunity, recently, of examining sections of a case of 
chronic basal meningitis with diplo-streptococcal infection. Sections showed 
in places a very marked peri-vascular infiltration of some of the vessels of 
the cortex, away from the primary source of infection, resembling, in some 
respects, some of the less chronic cases of Sleeping Sickness. I failed, how- 
ever, to discover, amidst the cell exudution, those small round and oval bodies 
and fragments which I have found in the meningo-encephalitis of chronic 
Sleeping Sickness. But, in a case of basal meningitis occurring in a child, 
only the membranes about the base of the brain were affected, and no peri- 
vascular infiltration was found. There were numbers of small round and 
oval bodies, probably products of degenerated cells. 
In my opinion, therefore, a series of culture experiments i vitro of 
different forms of trypanosomes, especially of “Sleeping Sickness” in 
cerebro-spinal fluid, would be of interest. This fluid, containing a mere 
trace of proteid, might lead to degeneration of these organisms, and products 
and fragments, similar to those found in the membranes, might be observed 
on microscopical examination of the centrifuged fluid. If no change in the 
trypanosomes occurred, infection of the cerebro-spinal fluid by diplo-cocci or 
diplo-streptococci might be undertaken. 
Positive results by this method might help in deciding this difficult 
