246 Mr. E. A. Newell Arber. New Species of [Jan. 10, 
type. In the December of the same year, Mr. Kidston* described casts of a 
radiospermic seed in organic continuity with pinnules of Newropteris hetero- 
phylla, a type of foliage which there is every reason to believe belonged 
to certain Paleozoic stems known ‘as Medullosa. This seed he identified 
as closely similar to that first described by Goeppert and Berger as 
Rhabdocarpus. 
These discoveries have removed any possible doubt which remained as to 
the correctness of the conclusion that the stems, which bore such fern-like 
foliage as Sphenopteris and Neuropteris, exhibit in their anatomy characters 
foreign to the true ferns, but common to the Gymnosperms. 
As acorollary of this recent work, attention has been called afresh to the 
seed-like bodies which occur here and there, as casts or impressions, in the 
shales and sandstones of the Coal Measures. It would seem probable that 
since impressions of Sphenopterid fronds, some of which there is reason to 
believe represent the foliage of members of the Cycadofilices, occur fairly 
abundantly in these rocks, impressions or casts of seeds similar to Lagenostoma 
should also be occasionally found. The more so as several species of the 
much larger type of seed, shown by Mr. Kidston to belong to a plant of the 
Neuropteroid habit, are already known to science. So far, Lagenostoma has 
been recorded only in the petrified state, z.¢., in a condition in which the 
anatomical structure is preserved. But further search has been rewarded by 
the discovery of what are believed to be two new species, occurring as casts or 
impressions, which are described here. These two species indirectly throw 
light on the habit of Lyginodendron, especially with regard to the manner in 
which the female organs were borne; a character which is, with rare exceptions, 
extremely difficult to ascertain in the case of fossil plant-remains, owing to 
the fragmentary nature of the evidence. 
I may here express my sincere thanks to Dr. Scott, F.R.S., who has most 
kindly given me the benefit of his advice at every stage in the progress of 
this work; and to whom I am greatly indebted for valuable suggestions 
in regard to the interpretation of these specimens.f I am also indebted to 
him for his kindness in communicating this paper. My thanks are also due 
to Mr. L. A. Boodle, for three of the photographs reproduced on Plate 1. 
* Kidston, “On the Fructification of Neuropteris heterophylla, Brong.,” ‘Roy. Soc. 
Proe.,’ vol. 72, p. 487, 1903; ‘ Phil. Trans.,’ B, vol. 197, p. 1, 1903. 
+ A preliminary note on these specimens by Dr. Scott, in conjunction with the present 
writer, will be found in the forthcoming volume of the Report of the Cambridge meeting ~ 
of the British Association. Owing to the number of papers proposed at that meeting, 
this note was not communicated at the time. 
