\M 



L i B R 



R E C E i V Lu -1^ 



United States Department of Agriculture 

 Bureau of Biological Survey 



Wildlife Research and Management Leaflet BS-11 



Washington, D. C. 



June 1935 



BIRDS AID BLUEBERRY AND CRANBERRY GROWER S 



By Phoebe Knappen. Junior Biologist 

 Section of Food Habits, Division of Wildlife Research 



Contents 



Page 

 Using birds in the control of 



berry insects 1 



Moths and caterpillars 2 



Gall midges and gnats 2 



Beetles 3 



Sawflies. 



Page 

 .. 3 

 .. 3 



Bugs 



Katydids, crickets, and grass- 

 hoppers 4 



Summary 4 



Using Birds in the Control of Berry Insects 



Blueberry and cranberry growers, though faced with many and varied 

 problems of insect attack on their crops, frequently fail to utilize fully the 

 assistance of birds. Besides adding to the attractiveness of the surroundings, 

 birds encouraged i to breed in the vicinity of blueberry and cranberry bogs 

 would provide a valuable supplement to flooding and other measures for the 

 control of the insect pests attacking these two economically important heaths. 

 The extent of this potential aid is indicated by the accompanying lists of birds 

 that feed on insects in the berry-growing areas from New England to New Jersey 

 and Wisconsin. That these birds are enemies of the various blueberry and cran- 

 berry insects has been determined through examination of stomachs by the Bureau 

 of Biological Survey. ■CiaS-\^'' 



' See Farmers' Bulletins 844, How to Attract Birds in Middle Atlantic States; 912, Ho" to Attract Birds 

 in the East Central States; 1456, Homes for Birds; and 1644, Local Bird Refuges. For sale at 5 cents each 

 bv the Superintendent of Documents, Governirent Printing Office, Washington, 0. C 



