1/ 



Table 8 . - - Tree grades for Appalachian hardwoods— ' 



Tree 



FPL 

 butt- 

 log 

 grade 



D.b.h. class 



Clear cuttings on 

 grading faces ^ 



Maximum defect 



grade 



Usual 



Minimum 



Maximum 



Minimum 

 single 



Length 

 total 



Sweep 

 and crook 



Total 

 cull-^ 



18+ 



16+ 



Inches -- 



Number 



- 



- Feet - - 



- - 



Percent - 



- ^16 



2 



7 



13 



15 



40 



18 



2 



5 



13 



15 



40 



24 



2 



3 



13 



15 



40 



12 



2 



3 



11 



30 



50 



14 



3 



3 



11 



30 



50 



12+ 



10 



50 



50 



_1/ Based on quality of the first 16. 3-foot length above the stump or jump butt, if any. 



After Campbell (2). 



2l This is the right-hand face of the 2 faces seen as the tree is approached. 



^ Total cull including crook and sweep. See Lockard, et al. , (_7) for type of defect 



and cull estimates. 



4/ Ash and basswood only will admit 14- inch trees. 



LUMBER GRADE YIELDS, QUALITY INDICES, AND OVERRUN 



Hickory lumber is graded according to the National Hardwood Lumber 

 Association (NHLA) rules, with Number 3A Common and Number 3B Common 

 characteristically being kept separate. Table 9 shows percentage grade re- 

 covery figures by log diameter for some 11,000 board-feet of hickory sawed at 

 mills in the Tennessee Valley Authority area. The table covers all grades of 

 logs and is segregated according to FPL log grades for factory lumber. Table 

 10 shows grade yields for different log diameters of hickory logs which were 

 sawed in Indiana. The basis is between 5,000 and 6,000 board-feet, mill tally. 



Relative grade yields according to Forest Service Standard Grades for 

 Factory Logs, with all sizes pooled, are in table 11. They are based on 

 about 31,000 board-feet of mill tally. 



Table 12 includes quality indices (QI's) for hickory based on standard 

 price relatives. Quality indices are proportional to the dollar values of the 

 lumber in the logs (^). The QI's are shown according to log diameter, re- 

 gardless of log grade, and according to Purdue log grade when log sizes 

 are pooled. 



Campbell {Z) has developed tree QI's for Appalachian hickory by tree 

 grade and diameter, for trees having one, two, or three logs (table 13). 



9 - 



